Question

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What is a difference between syncronous and asynconous machine?

Please give specific examples and problem related.

Below is the sample, please provide the equations, the picture of the given explanations, and the problem related to these.

(i) Synchronous motor is a machine whose rotor speed and the speed of stator magnetic field is equal.

Asynchronous motor is a machine whose rotor rotates at the speed less than the synchronous speed.

(ii) Synchronous motor does not have slip. The value of slip is zero.

Asynchronous motor has slip. Therefore, the value of slip is not equal to zero.

(iii) Synchronous motor is costly as compared to Asynchronous motor.

(iv) Efficiency of Synchronous motor is greater than Asynchronous motor.

(v) Synchronous motor is not self starting whereas Asynchronous motor is self starting.

(vi) Synchronous motor operates smoothly and relatively good at low speed that is below 300 rpm, whereas Asynchronous motor operates at high speed that is above 600 rpm.

(vii) Current is given to the rotor of synchronous motor whereas the rotor of Asynchronous motor does not require any current.

(viii) Change in applied voltage does not affect the torque of synchronous motor, whereas it affect the torque of Asynchronous motor.

One example of a synchronous motor is the "stepping motor" which widely used in applications that involve position control. One example of asynchronous motor is "Centrifugal Pump" which widely used in buildings for pumping the general water supply, as a booster and for domestic water supplies.

Answer 1

In Synchronous motor we have a stator supplied with 3 phase ac power and rotor is given a dc power when

We rotor is rotated at synchronous speed it will goes into a magnetic lock with the alternating stator supply which generates north and south poles alternatively at a given frequency and we lock our rotor with constant poles formed by dc supply with the stator so Synchronous motor rotates at synchronous speed .

Whereas asynchronous machine we supply power to only stator and due to flux linkages voltage will be induced in rotor which tends the rotor race along with the stator but not at synchronous speed of stator cause if rotor rotates at synchronous speed then flux cut by rotor will be zero so cause of rotation is missing this is the reason asynchronous machines rotates less than synchronous speed.

2) we know slip = (n_{s -} n_r)/n_s

_{but synchr‌‌‌onous machines have Synchronous speed equal to rotor speed so slslip is zero and for asynchronous machines slip will exist as rotor and Synchronous speeds not equal.}

_{3) synchronous machines are costl while compared with asynchronous cause we have to provide starting equipment as they are not self starting and moreeve we have to supply rotor with dc supply all these contribute that synchronous machines are more costly.}

_{4) Synchronous machines are more efficient when compared to asynchronous machines cause losses are low when asynchronous machines will have losses due to slip.}

_{5) Synchronous machines are not self starting as we need to make the rotor to rotate at synchronous motors where asynchronous motor does not need it as it rotates at less synchronous speed.}

_{7) to make rotor rotate at synchronous speed we supply rotor with dc to get magnetic lock between stator and rotor whereas this is not the case of asynchronous machines.}

_{8) synchronous machines rotate at constant speed so torque will be constant whereas for asynchronous machines torque is proportional to square of supply voltage.}