Answer 1

2 organelles involved in electron transport chain in eukaryotes are mitochondria and chloroplast.

Electron transport chains, are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and thylakoid membrane in mitochondria and chloroplasts respectively.

This internal membrane provides the framework for an elaborate set of electron-transport processes that produce most of the cell's ATP.

Both organelles have chemical cycles in which the initial acceptor is regenerated at the end of the cycle. In mitochondria, the Krebs cycle occurs after which oxaloacetate is regenerated at the end of the reaction. In chloroplasts, the Calvin cycle occurs in which ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) is regenerated at the end of the reaction.

The ATP synthase in mitochondria and chloroplast are orientated differently. ATP synthase in mitochondria points into the matrix, with protons flowing from the intermembrane space to the matrix. In chloroplasts however, ATP synthase points towards the stroma, and protons flow from the thylakoid space into the stroma.

Electron transport chains: The final electron acceptor in mitochondria is oxygen, whereas the final electron acceptor in chloroplasts is NADP.

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