Question

What are the main groups without health insurance? Chapter 21, Q5, Economics (19th ed) McConnell, Brue, Flynn.

Answer 1

Health insurance is insurance against the risk of incurring medical expenses among individuals. By estimating the overall risk of health care expenses among a targeted group, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll tax, to ensure that money is available to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement
Just because you are self employed or don’t work for a company that offers group health insurance, that doesn’t mean you can’t get it.
Depending on the state you live in, there are ways to get group health insurance through associations and membership organizations.

Group health insurance plans are categorized as either indemnity plans (also known as "traditional indemnity," "fee-for-service," or "FFS" plans) or managed care plans. Indemnity and managed care plans differ in their basic approach. Put broadly, the major differences concern choice of providers, out-of-pocket costs for covered services, and how bills are paid. You will typically have a broader choice of doctors (including specialists, such as cardiologists and surgeons), hospitals, and other health care providers with an indemnity plan while you will typically have less out-of-pocket costs and paperwork with a managed care plan.

Indemnity plans once dominated the American health insurance market, but are no longer as popular as they used to be. They are most common on the east coast. Managed care plans now take up a much larger share of the general health insurance market and are especially dominant in the western parts of the country. There are three basic types of managed care plans: PPOs, HMOs, and POS plans.