In: Biology
Which of the following antibiotic drugs exert their actions by binding to the ribosome?
1. Erythromycin
2. Ampicillin
3. Tunicamycin
4. Streptomycin
5. Tetracycline
1, 4, and 5 only
1 only
1, 3, 4, and 5 only
2 and 3 only
2 only
Antibiotics are antimicrobial drugs which inhibit or kill microorganisms. Different antibiotics has different mechanism of action.
Erythromycin antibiotic is active against bacteria. Erythromycin bind to 50S ribosomal subunit and interfere with translocation of tRNA from A site to P site leading to inhibition of peptide chain elongation.
Ampicillin inhibits the transpeptidase enzyme which is need for bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall formation.
Tunicamycin antibiotics lead to inhibition of protein N linked glycosylation leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress . It does this by inhibiting enzyme N-acetyl hexoseamine phosphotrasferase.
Streptomycin is trisaccharide bind to 16 s rRNA of 30S subunit of bacterial ribosome. This lead to formyl methionine tRNA binding to 30s Ribosomal unit of bacteria. Also lead to misreading of mRNA.
Tetracycline antibiotic also bind to 30S ribosomal subunit. This lead to interfere in binding of aminoacyl tRNA to translation complex.
So from above explanation it is clear that erythromycin, streptomycin and tetracycline are only three antibiotics from given 5 antibiotic list which bind to ribosome for exerting their effect.other two ampicillin and tunicamycin bind inhibit enzymes, they don't bind to ribosomes.
So "1, 4, and 5 only" is correct choices of this question.