Question

PLEASE i NEED THE ANSWERS

1.Genome sequences contain information about ancestry and evolution, and so comparisons among genomes can reveal how different species are related.  Analysis of the similarities and differences in protein-coding genes and other types of sequence in the genomes of different species is an area of study called BLANK . Sequences that are similar in different organisms are said to be BLANK.

2.

What highly repetitive sequence of DNA is essential for the attachment of spindle fibers to the centromeres during cell division?

	A.	LTR elements
	B.	LINEs
	C.	Alpha satellite DNA
	D.	SINEs

3.Major evolutionary changes can be accomplished only by the acquisition of whole new genes.

True

False

4.Any number of sequences of sequence arrangements that indicate the likely function of a segment of DNA is called what?

		Sequence motif
		Sequence assembly
		Genome annotation
		Shotgun sequencing

5.What DNA sequencing method is it when the sequenced fragments do not originate from a particular gene or region, but from sites scattered randomly across the molecules?

	A.	Shotgun sequencing
	B.	Sequence motif
	C.	Sequence assembly
	D.	Genome annotation

6.Describe one example of a sequence motif.(SHORT ANSWER)

Answer 1

1. Analysis of the similarities and differences in protein-coding genes and other types of sequence in the genomes of different species is an area of study called Orthology . Sequences that are similar in different organisms are said to be paralogy.

• Analysis of the genes of different species is an area of study called........orthologus genes.
• Orthologs have been formed due to speciation.
• Sequences that are similar in different organisms within a species are said to be......paralogus genes.
• Paralogs have been formed due to gene duplication or chromosomal duplication.
• Sequence homology is helpful in finding orthologs and paralogs.

2. What highly repetitive sequence of DNA is essential for the attachment of spindle fibers to the centromere during cell division?

• The region of chromosome where the attachment of spindle fibers to the centromere takes place is called kinetochore.
• Kinetochore shows presence of CEN DNA (centromeric DNA) and protein.
• The centromeric DNA is highly repetitive and CEN DNA of Kinetochore is helpful in attachment of microtubules to chromosomes during cell division.
• Alpha satellite DNA is the major non-coding repetitive satellite DNA found in centromere and in heterochromatin.
• Where as LTR elements are lengthy, found in non-coding regions of eukaryotes.
• non-LTR elements are short sequences which form the SINE and LINE in eukaryotic genome.