Question

Tissue Repair

( not in this chapter, we’ll cover in class)occurs in response to an injury,

often after an inflammatory and an immune response have happened.

Outline – Unit 1, Chemistry, Cells, Tissues, Skeletal System

Regeneration vs Fibrosis:

Which one uses mitosis of the original cell types?

Some types of tissues go through regeneration, others repair by fibrosis

What are the consequences of fibrosis, for example, in heart muscle tissue?

In Case of Emergency: Burns

In 1st degree burns, only the ____________________ is damaged In 2nd

degree burns, the damage has occurred __________________

and in _______________________________

In 3rd

degree burns, ____________________________________is

destroyed, and 4th degree burns extend _________________.

What characterizes a burn as critical? List the four possible circumstances:

Why is the rule of nines useful to a first responder?

Three of the most life threatening consequences of extensive burns are:

5.4 Effects of Aging

List four changes in the Integumentary System that occur with aging:

Answer 1

• Mitosis is essential for regeneration. A very important function of mitosis is the replacement and regeneration of damaged tissues or worn out tissues .
• Excess deposition of extra cellular matrix leads to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves which is referred to as Cardiac fibrosis.
• In first degree burns , only the epidermis is damaged .
• In second degree ,the damage occurred will be in the dermis or the second layer of the skin along with the epidermis .
• In third degree burn , the entire thickness of the skin is destroyed ( since the nerve endings also get destroyed here , the wound seems to be painless in the worst affected area ) .
• The fourth degree burn extends to the hypodermis ( subcutaneous tissue ) .
• According to the severity of the burn , and the area covered by the burn and the depth it covered can be referred to as critical burn . Even the first degree burn can become critical.
• How much Body Surface Area of a patient has been burned is assessed by the method of Rule of nine . It is applied only to second degree and third degree burns .The rule of 9 is helpful for the estimation of the surface area of injuries and it helps to provide emergency care for the patient.
• During the process of aging there occurs many changes in the integumentary system such as wrinkles formation, formation of moles , age spots , dryness of the skin , thinning of hair and skin and change of pigments in hair and skin . The shape of the epidermal cells changes and also the reduction of barrier function leads gradually to the thinning of epidermis which becomes more prone to infections etc...