Question

What are the four types of gynoecium conditions found in rosaceae and what fruit types do they correspond to?

Answer 1

Answer: Gynoecium or Pistil is the topmost or central whorl found in a flower which usually terminates at thalamus.

Rosaceae (Rose Family) Has four types of gynoecium conditions which are responsible for further sub-dividing Rose family into four subfamilies are :

(1) The “rose” subfamily Rosoideae Which has - Monocarpous (unicarpellate) gynoecium and Fruit type - Aggregate single-seeded fruits

(2) The “cherry” subfamily Prunoideae Which has - Monocarpous (unicarpellate) gynoecium and Fruit Type - drupe

(3) The “pome” subfamily Maloideae/Pomoideae Which has - Syncarpous gynoecium and Fruit Type -pome

(4) The “spiraea” subfamily Spiraeaoideae Which has - Apocarpous (choricarpous) gynoecium and Fruit Type - an aggregate of follicles.

The Above Gynoceium can be further explained in simple terms as :

• Monocarpous (unicarpellate) gynoecium is the type of gynoecium which has a single carpel.
• Apocarpous (choricarpous) gynoecium is the type of gynoecium which has Multiple distinct, unfused carpels.
• Syncarpous gynoecium is the type of gynoecium which has multiple fused carpels.

Also, the Above fruit types can be further explained in simple terms as :

Aggregate Fruit

is a fruit which is formed from a single flower.

Drupe

is a very simple and fleshy fruit which has a stony pit that is not separated from the fleshy fruit part. Pome is a very simple and fleshy fruit but it has a woody or papery wall around the interior of the seeds. Follicle type fruits are dry and simple and the fruit can split on the line of suture.