Question

a.     Indicate why a patient’s MAP, CVP, PAS/PAD, PAWP, CO, and CI would be measured. Include information on various types of patients.

b.     Indicate why MAP, CVP, PAS/PAD, PAWP, CO, and CI would be elevated and how the nurse would respond to each or how an elevated reading would be corrected.

Answer 1

Ans1) Part A : Patients MAP, CVP, PAS, PAD, PAWP, CO and CI would be measured :

• These all are Haemodynamic measured terminologies.

• They are needed to be measured in order to properly interpret the Hemodynamic measurements.

For eg :1) Cardiac Index measure the amount of blood pumped by the heart/minute per meter square of the body surface area.

2) CVP readings are used to approximate the right ventricular end diastolic pressure (RUEDP).

So, all these terms mentioned above all are interlinked with respect to different patients and all these terminologies are practically of paramount importance in Haemodynamic Measurement.

Part B : MAP, CVP, PAS, PVD, PAWP, CO, CI would be elevated because all these parameters need to be in the efficient condition for the Haemodynamic measurements. So that total condition of the cardiovascular system could be monitored thoroughly.

A nurse needs to respond immediately to these elevated parameters:

• As high cardiac output suggests resting cardiac output greeter than 8L/min or a cardiac index of greater than 4.0/min/ml.

• The nurses needs to control if the reading of all haemodynamic parameters are beyond the limit, because heart failure occurs when cardiac output is insufficient to supply the demand.