Question

For what kind of data and analysis do you use a paired t-test and for what kind of data and analysis do you use a non-paired t-test? Be sure to clearly define each of these and illustrate your answer with realistic behavioral examples. The examples used for each must relate to each other, i.e., the one must be a slight modification of the other and use the same organism/system [e.g., if your example for a paired t-test involves elephant breeding, then your example for a non-paired t-test must also involve elephant breeding]. Be sure to make up sample data tables and draw graphs to illustrate your answer. KEY DIFFERENCE: The experiment you design as a paired t-test must not be possible by an unpaired t-test and vice versa. You must explain why each is not possible by the other design. THINK CAREFULLY ABOUT THIS in terms of why one might use a paired t-test and why one might not be able to do so

the examples should be related to Animal behavior and should include slight modifications between the two examples

Answer 1

The solution in details explain given below

Paired t-test:

In paired t-test use the same data before and after the any process. A Paired sample t-test compares means from the same group at different times (say, one year apart). Paired-samples t tests compare scores on two different variables but for the same group of cases. Two samples that are dependent from each other.

Example:

Paired t-tests are used when the same item or group is tested twice, which is known as a repeated measures t-test. Some examples of instances for which a paired t-test is appropriate include:

1) The before and after effect of a pharmaceutical treatment on the same group of people

2) In clinical trial the weight of peoples before and after treatment

Independent Sample t-test: (non paired t-test)

An Independent Samples t-test compares the means for two seperate groups.Use different data sets are used in two sample independent t-test. independent-samples t tests compare scores on the same variable but for two different groups of cases. Two samples that are independent from each other.

Example: An unpaired t-test is used to compare the mean between two independent groups. You use an unpaired t-test when you are comparing two separate groups with equal variance.

1) Research during which there are two independent groups, such as women and men, that examines whether the average bone density is significantly different between the two groups.

2) Social work student have higher percentage than nursing students.

The experiment you design as a paired t-test must not be possible by an unpaired t-test and vice versa because following key differences.

The key differences between a paired and unpaired t-test are summarized below.

1. A paired t-test is designed to compare the means of the same group or item under two separate scenarios. An unpaired t-test compares the means of two independent or unrelated groups.
2. In an unpaired t-test, the variance between groups is assumed to be equal. In a paired t-test, the variance is not assumed to be equal.