Question

defined endemic, pandemic and epidemic provide an example of each. Describe a current epidemic. describe an example of each of the prevention type ( primary, secondary and tetoary) that could be applied to control the epidemic.

Answer 1

Endemic is described as a disease condition that is present or restricted to a specific population, region, or location.

Example: HIV/ AIDS cases in Africa.

Pandemic is defined as a very contagious disease that spread to a large population or whole world wide.

Example: Current COVID 19 spreading to the whole world.

an epidemic is defined as the repeat spreading of disease in a specific location during a short period of time. If this disease spread to other countries also then it will change to the pandemic.

example: Spread of COVID 19 in china within 1 week is 100 cases in 10000 people.

COVID 19 is an epidemic as it is spreading very fast to other people. This is spread due to contact with the infected person through droplets during coughing, sneezing by the infected person.

Primary prevention is focused on the prevention of disease to occurs in the people. For this, there should be proper education regarding the disease condition, social distancing, quarantine of people, proper handwashing, use of face mask, proper hygiene, etc to prevent the spread of disease.

Secondary prevention mainly focuses on early diagnosis and treatment. In this, if the person develop any symptoms of COVID 19, any contact with an infected person can do screening for COVID 19 for early detection and treatment to prevent to become severe case if not treated on time.

Tertiary prevention mainly focuses on the rehabilitation of the patient who is a severe condition and not able to treat but can be prevented from further complications. This includes hospitalization, use of ventilation support, and oxygen support to prevent complications.