Most plants are what are called C3 plants. They have not evolved mechanisms to avoid photorespiration....

Most plants are what are called C3 plants. They have not evolved mechanisms to avoid photorespiration. C4 and CAM plants have mechanisms to decrease the likelihood of photorespiration occuring. Briefly describe how each type of plants avoids photorespiration.

Expert Solution

C4 plants capture CO2 in cells of their mesophyll, and oxaloacetate is formed. oxaloacetate is then converted to malate and is released into the bundle sheath cells where O2 concentration is low to avoid photo respiration. Here, CO2 is removed from the malate and combined with RuBP in the usual way, and the Calvin cycle proceeds as normal.

instead of separating the light dependent reactions and the use of CO2 in the Calvin cycle in space, CAM plants separate these processes in time. At night, CAM plants open their stomata, allowing CO2 to diffuse into the leaves. This CO2 is fixed into the oxaloacetate, by PEP carboxylase, then converted to malate.
It is stored inside the vacoules until the next day. In the daylight, the CAM plants do not open their stomata, but they can still photosynthesize. That's because the malate is transported out of the vacoule and broken down to release CO2, which enters the Calvin cycle.This controlled release maintains a high concentration of CO2 around RuBIsCO.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

Explain how C4 plants avoid photorespiration (briefly describe what is different from C3 plants) & provide...

Explain how C4 plants avoid photorespiration (briefly describe what is different from C3 plants) & provide an example of a C4 plant. Explain how CAM plants avoid photorespiration (briefly describe what is different from C3 plants) & provide an example of a CAM plant.

C4 plants have evolved a way to minimize photorespiration occurring. Explain what these plants do to...

C4 plants have evolved a way to minimize photorespiration occurring. Explain what these plants do to avoid photorespiraton occurring.

How do CAM plants avoid oxygenation and photorespiration? How do C4 plants avoid oxygenation and photorespiration?

Compare the mechanisms that C3, C4, and CAM plants use to obtain and use carbon dioxide....

Compare the mechanisms that C3, C4, and CAM plants use to obtain and use carbon dioxide. Why would you expect photorespiration on a hot, dry day to occur less in C4 and CAM plants than in C3 plants?

In the desert there are plants that have adapted to the sparse rainfall by evolving mechanisms...

In the desert there are plants that have adapted to the sparse rainfall by evolving mechanisms to store water. Cactus are an example of such a plant. You are studying a particular species of cactus in an area of desert that is 100 km^2. In your designated area of study you have counted 175 plants. What is the density of this type of cactus in terms of plants per square kilometer? 571.4 plants/km^2 0.571 plants/km^2 1.75 plants/km^2 0.00175 plants km^2...

A number of different, unrelated species of Arctic fishes have evolved an adaptation to avoid freezing...

A number of different, unrelated species of Arctic fishes have evolved an adaptation to avoid freezing in frigid, winter waters. These different species all use the same glycoprotein that they circulate through their blood to prevent ice crystals from forming in their bloodstream. What is the adaptation of freeze resistance in these fishes is an example of? What evolutionary process?

Discuss the changes in morphology that have evolved to adapt plants to live on land. Include...

Discuss the changes in morphology that have evolved to adapt plants to live on land. Include the changes that have reduced the loss of water, permit gaseous exchange on land, and are responsible for transport.

In detail, what are the mechanisms bacteria use to avoid the host immune system ?

Plants and animals share a very long history of intimate relationships and have evolved in response...

Plants and animals share a very long history of intimate relationships and have evolved in response to each other’s influence. Briefly describe three actual relationships or interactions between plants and non-human animals. One should be mutually beneficial to both species, one should benefit the plant at the expense of the animal, and one should benefit the animal at the expense of the plant. Be sure to include details of the relationship, including the names of the organisms and specific benefits...

C3, C4 and CAM plants have advantages and disadvantages under specific environmental conditions. In theory a...

C3, C4 and CAM plants have advantages and disadvantages under specific environmental conditions. In theory a hybrid plant carrying all three mechanisms would have the largest flexibiliy to respond and do well under various conditions Indicate what steps should be activated or turned off during the following environmental conditions and motivate that on an energy level and water loss how that optimizes photosynthetic yield: i. 10oC night temperature, 30oC day temperature, dry ground, high light intensity ii. 10oC night temperature,...

Question