Question

1. a) What is oxidation?

   b) What is an oxidizing agent?

    c) What is reduction?

   d)What is a reducing agent?

2. What does the term redox/red-ox stand for?

3. a) How are electrons carried to the ETS/ETC in cellular respiration? How in photosynthesis?

    b) From where did these electrons originally get their potential energy in cellular respiration? Where in

        photosynthesis?

4. Where is the ETC/S located in our cells? Be specific!

                 Where is it located in photosynthesis?

5. a) What ion is used to generate a gradient in the inter-membrane space of the mitochondrion and in the lumen of the

        thylakoid?

    b) Would you expect the inter-membrane space of the mitochondrion and the lumen of the chloroplast to be acidic or

         basic? Explain your answer.

6.a) Why is glycolysis named as it is? In other words, what does the term glycolysis mean?

   b) What is the molecule that begins this whole process?

7. What is the point of having an ETS/ETC?

8. Cells store the energy released from the food we eat as ATP; a form ready to be used for other chemical

                reactions that require the input of energy.   How does ATP release energy when needed?

9. a) Are the electrons relatively high or relatively low in energy when they leave an ETS/ETC?

b) What is the energy of the electrons used to do as they traveled through the ETS/ETC?

c) We die without oxygen. What is it that oxygen does?

Answer 1

Ans.1

a) Oxidation- oxidation is the process of loss of electrons during a reaction by a molecule, atom or ion. Due to oxidation, oxidation state of molecule atom or ion increases.

b)Oxidising agent- An oxidizing agent, or oxidant, gains electrons and is reduced in a chemical reaction.Also known as electron acceptor. Ex- nitric acid.

c) Reduction- reduction is the process of gain of electrons during a reaction by a molecule, atom or ion.Due to reduction oxidation state of molecule, atom or ion decreases.

d) Reducing agent- a reducing agent or reductant, loses electrons and is oxidized I a chemical reaction. Also known as electron donor. Ex- Formic acid.

Ans.2)Redox reaction- Redox reaction is a combination of both Reduction and oxidation reaction. Redox reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species. An oxidation-reduction reaction is any chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by gaining or losing an electron.

Ans.4) ETC is located on inner mitochondrial membrane in our cells.

In photosynthesis , it is located on thylakoid membrane.

Ans.6)a)Glycolysis, literally meaning "to split sugar," is the initial step in any respiratory system. Glycolysis involves the breaking down of a sugar (generally glucose, although fructose and other sugars may be used) into more manageable compounds in order to produce energy.

b)glycolysis begins with glucose molecule. Although fructose or other sugar may also be there.