Question

Describe how Amp`ere’s force law and Amp`ere’s law for magnetization fields can be used to explain the forces between permanent magnets. From this perspective, how does the arrangement and orientation of the magnets lead to either an attractive force or a repulse force? How does the convention of North and South polarity relate to the magnetization field of the magnet? I do not need a mathmatical explanation but a physical explanation.

Answer 1

Question: Describe how Amp`ere’s force law and Amp`ere’s law for magnetization fields can be used to explain the forces between permanent magnets.

Answer: 1> In magnetostatics, the force of attraction or repulsion between two current-carrying wires. is often called Ampère's force law.

A more fundamental law than the Biot-Savart law is Ampere ‘s Law, which relates magnetic field and current in a general way. It is written in integral form as ∮B⋅dl=μ0* I​​​​​​Ienc  , where Ienc is the enclosed current and μ0 is a constant.

Magnets exert forces and torques on each other due to the rules of electromagnetism. The forces of attraction field of magnets are due to microscopic currents of electrically charged electrons orbiting nuclei and the intrinsic magnetism of fundamental particles (such as electrons) that make up the material. Both of these are modeled quite well as tiny loops of current called magnetic dipoles that produce their own magnetic field and are affected by external magnetic fields. The most elementary force between magnets, therefore, is the magnetic dipole–dipole interaction. If all of the magnetic dipoles that make up two magnets are known then the net force on both magnets can be determined by summing up all these interactions between the dipoles of the first magnet and that of the second.

Question : From this perspective, how does the arrangement and orientation of the magnets lead to either an attractive force or a repulse force?

Answer:  Ampere's Force Law states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two wires carrying currents is proportional to their lengths and the intensities of current passing through them. If the currents flow in the same direction, repulsion takes place else attraction occur.

Question : How does the convention of North and South polarity relate to the magnetization field of the magnet? I do not need a mathmatical explanation but a physical explanation.

Answer: As Ampere suggested, a magnetic field is produced whenever an electrical charge is in motion. The spinning and orbiting of the nucleus of an atom produces a magnetic field as does electrical current flowing through a wire. The direction of the spin and orbit determine the direction of the magnetic field.