Question

What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype? Do these always match? Can you think of a time when they don’t match? Do genotype and phenotype always matched when considering sex-linked traits, or does this differ for males and females, and if so, why?

Answer 1

ANSWER-

Genotype is the pair of genes present in the organism. It is responsible for a particular trait (genetically determined characteristic.) Phenotype is the physical expression or characteristics of that trait present in the organism. Genotype is usually used when talking about the genetics of a particular trait (like eye colour). Phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an individual organism, determined by both genetic make-up and environmental influences like height, weight and skin colour.

The phenotype of an organism is determined by the genes, the environment and stochastic developmental events. Although recognized as a basic biological principle influencing life history, susceptibility to diseases, and probably evolution, developmental variation.

Genotype and Phenotype doesn't always match.

Males inherit both X and Y-linked traits, while females only inherit X-linked traits. Since males have only one copy of each sex chromosome, they are hemizygous for all sex-linked genes and they always express the phenotype of the allele they get. In other words, their phenotypes always match their genotype. Females get two copies of X-linked genes, so they demonstrate the more typical dominant-recessive expression patterns of non-sex linked traits. These distinctions cause expression patterns of sex-linked traits to differ between male and female offspring.

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