Question

What are cyclins and CDKs? Describe how both these types of proteins are regulated, based on our list of the five ways to control proteins from the beginning of the course.

Answer 1

ANSWER:-

Two groups of proteins are responsible for the progress of cell through various checkpoints. They are cyclin and CDKs.

Cyclins are family of regulatory peoteins that control the progression of cell cycle. When cycline are synthesized, they act as an activating protein and bind to CDKs forming a cyclin cdkS complex which act as a signal to the cell to pass to the next cell cycle phase.

CDKs are the families of protein kinases and their role is to regulate cell cycle and are also involved in regulating transcription, mRNA processing and the differentiation of nervecells.

Cyclin and CDKs regulate the cell cycle both by promoting activities of their respective stage. Cyclins regulate the cell cycle only when the are tightly bound to cdks. CDKs adds negatievly charged phosphate groups to other molecules in a process celled phosphorylation. The proteins phosphorylated by cdks are involved in advancing the cell to next phase. Through this CDKs signal the cells that is ready to pass into the next stage of th cell cycle. The concentration of cyclin fluctuates and levels of cdks proteins are relatively stable through out the cycle.

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