In: Advanced Math
Let A be an n × n real symmetric matrix with its row and column sums both equal to 0. Let λ1, . . . , λn be the eigenvalues of A, with λn = 0, and with corresponding eigenvectors v1,...,vn (these exist because A is real symmetric). Note that vn = (1, . . . , 1). Let A[i] be the result of deleting the ith row and column.
Prove that detA[i] = (λ1···λn-1)/n. Thus, the number of spanning trees of G is the product of the nonzero eigenvalues of L, divided by n.