If you wanted to use a membrane protein to allow for a very rapid response to...

If you wanted to use a membrane protein to allow for a very rapid response to an ion gradient, what type of transporter would you use, an ATP-powered pump, or an ion channel? Suppose you wanted to move an ion against a gradient, which of the two would you use? Please explain your answers. Is it necessary to use ATP to move ions against a gradient?

Expert Solution

When we consider very rapid response to an ion gradient,then in that case ion channel would be used.This is because the ion channel transports molecules through diffusion passage along their concentration gradient across a membrane. Ion channels transport their substrates by electrodiffusion at rates that approach 108 s−1, whereas exchangers and pumps are orders of magnitude slower as compared to the channels because ATP pumps involves an obligatory coupling of the transport event to a conformational change in the transporter molecule along with ATP hydrolysis which decreases the rate of transport.So when speed or rapidity of transport is considered ,the ion channels should be used.

But when an ion is to be moved against a concntration gradient,ATP -powered pump is to be used for transport.Because for moving against a concentration gradient is a thermodynamically uphill process which requires energy that is fulfilled by the hydrolysis of high energy molecule of ATP and this names the process of transport in this case as active transport.And ATP transporters transport ions against a concentration gradient by utilization of energy of ATP.

YES, ATP is necesssary to move ions against a concentration gradient. To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy. Active transport mechanisms do just this, expending energy (often in the form of ATP) to maintain the right concentrations of ions and molecules in living cells. In fact, cells spend much of the energy they harvest in metabolism to keep their active transport processes running .As moving against a concentration gradient is actually opposite of the natural flow of transport it is a thermodynamically uphill and energy demanding process that needs to be fullfilled for the transport to take place.Hence in this case ATP hydrolysis is necessary making it an active transport process.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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