Question

1. A 12-year old boy falls down and complains of abdominal pain. At the hospital he is suspected to have sustained injury to his liver causing bleeding into the peritoneal cavity. At surgery, part of his liver is removed because of injury. Six months later, a CT scan shows that his liver has almost returned to its normal size. State with explanation the process responsible for the CT finding?

  2. A 12-year old boy developed sore throat and fever. Examination of his throat showed redness and swelling. Laboratory examination showed a high neutrophil count. He was given aspirin and within 6 hours he was better. Discuss the mechanisms responsible for the various observations in this boy. Explain the change in his condition following administration of aspirin.

3. A 32-year-old driver is involved in a motor accident and is brought to the hospital. The examining doctor found a very rapid but weak pulse. The blood pressure was 60 mmHg systolic with un-recordable diastolic pressure. An abdominal tap indicated bleeding into the peritoneal cavity. Name the condition this driver has got and define it. Describe the pathogenesis of this condition.

4. A lorry driver is involved in an accident and sustains a large wound on the thigh. Describe the processes involved in the healing of this wound and the factors that may hinder or promote the process. What complications may arise from healing of this wound?

Answer 1

(1) Liver is the only organ in the body fully able to regenerate to its complete size. It replaces damaged tissue with new cell. It take 6 months for liver to grow full in size after surgery of liver.

(2) sore throat and fever can be caused due to viral infection. Aspirin relief sore throat, muscle ache and headache within 6 hours.

(3)due to bleeding in the peritoneal cavity hemorrhagic shock has occurred which caused tachycardia and hypotension, to preserve oxygen to brain and heart and shunted from extremities and non vital organs.

Pathogenesis: caused due to blunt trauma in the solid organs like liver and spleen or due to vascular accident which caused bleeding in the peritoneal cavity.

(4) Steps of wound healing are

• Hemostasis and coagulation
• Inflammation which causes fibroblast and macrophage accumulation
• Proliferation and migration - fibroblast proliferation occurs
• Remodelling of the tissue

Factors which promote wound healing are proper nutrition and oxygenation

Factors hindering wound healing are infection, alcoholism, obesity, diabetes, vitamin C deficiency and smoking.

Complications include infection , keloid formation, tissue necrosis, dehiscence and edema.

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