Question

Flagellates case study

MUNICIPALITY OF PAG-IBIG

Pag-ibig is predominantly an agricultural municipality. The principal agricultural products include quail eggs, poultry eggs, 45 days old chicken, rice, coconut, vegetables and root crops. A considerable part of the municipality land area was turned to be a go to Bars at night since only 5% of the municipality graduated from college and 20% high school graduates and 75% is only elementary graduate. Most of the teenagers girls works in night Bar. Every year, approximately 30,000 of tourist was able to explore the municipality of Pag-ibig because it is rich in cultural spot, and other attractions. Most of the family are sharing garments like clothes, underwear and towels. Being fifth-class municipality, Pag-ibig has no existing public and private government hospital. There is only one Rural Health Unit (RHU) which is situated in the Municipal hall. The LGU of Pag-ibig hired one medical doctor, one nurse, one midwife, one sanitary inspector and one Medical Technologist.

Based on the latest available health records, the causes of illnesses in the community lst year were described as follows:

1. Fifteen female teenagers who works at night bar developed genital infection exhibiting greenish-yellow discharge, edema and itching.

2. Ten female teenagers developed urinary tract infection and some developed persistent urethritis.

3. Ten female teenagers diagnosed with Sexually transmitted diseases and three male tested positive but asymptomatic.

A medical mission report showed the following microscopical health findings:

1. Morphologically pyriform shape with 4 anterior flagella and a prominent axostyle

2. Presence of undulating membrane with single nucleus

Questions to answer:

If you are the medical technologist in the medical mission based on the case study presented, what will be your:

1. Probable causative agent based on laboratory report and conditions of the cases described, present evidences based separating the cyst and trophozoite form of the parasite on the case study presented. (Both health records and medical mission health report)

2. Additional Laboratory test/s aside form test/s (if there is) stated in the case study which will help to confirm the causative agent.

3. Probable diagnosis/common diseases associated based on the conditions of the case described.

4. Report in terms of the characteristic/c of the specimen sample

5. Report in terms of the trophozoite motility/movement.

Answer 1

1) Here in this case probable causative agent based on laboratory report and conditions is TRICHOMONIASIS.. , here the patients having genoital infections, yellow discharge, edema, and ithching, urinary infections, persistent urethritis,etc... and the medical report is pyriform shape with 4 flagella and prominent axostyle. undulating membrane with single nucleus. And here the presence of trophozoite and cyst also there, beacause of the unhygeinic condition it present.

2)Trichomoniasis can be diagnosed by looking at a sample of vaginal fluid for women or urine for men under a microscope. if the parasite can be seen under the microscope, no further tests are needed.    Rapid antigen and nucleic acid probe blood tests can be used for on the spot tests with results available in minuts, but do not offer the accuracy of a test conducted using a discharge sample . most STD screenings do not include trichomoniasis, so in most cases, patient request trichomoniasis test.

3)Probable diagnosis of this condition is Trichomonas vaginalis it is a common case of vaginitis. more commons human in industrialized countries, infection rate between men and women are similar with women usually being symptomatic. men are usually asymptomatic. transmission occures via direct, skin-to-skin contact with an infected individual, multiple sexual partners with un safe sexual relation, uncleanliness of genital organs etc..

4)CHARACTERISTICS of trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan flagellate and organisms vary in size but are usually around 10mewm in length and 7mewm in width (1,2) it usually has an oval or pear-shape, but can assume an amoeboid form when attached to vaginal epithelial cells.

5)Trophozoites are no invasive , remaining in the lumen of the small intestine, either free or attached to the related terms... releases twonactively moving trophozite stages, the trophozoites attach to the intestinal epithelium.... trophozoites are the motile form of glardia and are classically pear-shaped, prossessing a flat