In: Economics
On the background of what we have learned from the Solow model for a small open economy, discuss arguments for and against liberalizing capital flows. Is your overall conclusion based on the theory (and empirics) we have surveyed in favor of or against such liberalization?
(International Macroeconomic)
We are considering an open economy,where capital is fullymobile.
Labor,however,isnot.All markets are competitive. Two new
basicrelationsships: 1.Savings6=Domestictotalinvestment
2.ProductionandIncomearenotlongeridentical
Thenationalaccountsidentityis Y=C+I+NX⇐⇒Y+rF=C+I+NX+rF
whereNXrepresentsnetexports,andFisholdningsofforeigncapital;
rF=incomeinflowfromforeigncapitalholdnings.
THEBASICMODEL
Startingwitheq(1):
Vt+1=St+Vt
eq(2) =s·(Yt+rwFt)+Vt
eq(3) =s·(wLt+rwKt+rwFt)+Vt
defofVandeq(4) =s·¯wLt+(1+srw)Vt
Asafinalstep:Lt+1=(1+n)Lt,n>−1.Letvt≡Vt/Lt.Then vt+1= s¯ w 1+n +
1+srw 1+n vt≡Φ(vt)
isthefundamentallawofmotionforwealthintheopeneconomysetting.
EMPIRICS:LONG-RUNGROWTH ObservethatGNIpercapita yn t=¯ y+rft=¯
w+rwvt Wecanthereforeconvertthelawofmotionforv,intooneforyn 1 r¡yn
t+1−¯ w¢=s¯ w 1+n + 1+sr 1+nµ1 r (yn t−¯ w)¶ ⇓ yn t+1= n 1+n ¯ w+
1+sr 1+n yn t⇒(yn)∗=n n−sr ¯ w.
AsintheclosedeconomySolowmodel:Growthinincomepercapita
willcometoahalt(provided1+sr 1+n<1).
Youwillstillseegrowthintransitionhowever.Note,GDPpercapita,
y(aswellasw,randk),isconstantatallpointsintime.Changes
requirehumancapitalaccumulation,or,technologicalchange.