Question

In: Nursing

HISTORY Mr. B has suffered from chronic advanced emphysema for 15 years. While hospitalized with a...

HISTORY

Mr. B has suffered from chronic advanced emphysema for 15 years. While hospitalized with a respiratory infection, he goes into respiratory distress. Without thinking, his nurse immediately administers pure oxygen, which causes Mr. B to stop breathing.

QUESTIONS

9. Emphysema affects which body organ?

10. What specific part of this organ is affected by emphysema? T

11. What is the major respiratory symptom of emphysema?

12. Would the level of oxygen in Mr. B’s blood be increased or decreased with this disease?

13. Would the level of carbon dioxide in Mr. B’s blood be increased or decreased with this disease?

14. Which of the respiratory gases is Mr. B’s major stimulus to breathe?

15. Why did Mr. B stop breathing when the nurse administered pure oxygen?

Solutions

Expert Solution

9 .the organ which affects emphysema is lungs

10. Emphysema is an abnormal distention of airspaces beyond the terminal bronchioles and destruction of the walls of alveoli. this is the end stage pathological condition of COPD(CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE), which affects the lung alveoli.

In emphysema, impaired oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange results from destruction of the walls of overdistended alveoli.

11. since emphysema is the end stage of COPD the shows the symptoms like barrel-chest(due to loss of lung elasticity) ,retraction of the supraclavicular fossae during inspiration causing the shoulders to heave upwards, abdominal muscles also involved in inspiration with other symptoms including dyspnea cough, weight loss

12.as the walls of alveoli are destroyed, the alveolar surface area in direct contact with the pulmonary capillaries continually decreases. this results in an increase in dead space(the area where no gas exchange can occur) and impaired oxygen diffusion, which leads to hypoxemia.

13. as the disease gets worse, carbon dioxide elimination is impaired, resulting in increased carbondioxide tension in arterial blood( hypercapnia) causes respiratory acidosis.

Nightingale answered 1 year ago
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