Question

The Critic In a 400-600 word answer, properly cited with an APA-formatted reference list and in-text citations, please answer the following questions. In addition to the researched facts you present as your answer, you may provide opinions and real-world experiences where appropriate. Find an article about handwashing in an online health magazine or website such as Prevention, Men’s Health, or WebMD. The site should be mainstream and reputable. Examples of topics include how to properly wash your hands, the use of hand sanitizers, or any disease transmission topic that can be prevented or reduced by proper handwashing. Choose an article that includes a quote from a health professional or references a medical research study. Include the link in your submission. Summarize the article. What specific information did the author’s source provide regarding the topic? What information or opinion has the author provided on their own and what have they concluded from the study or source? Critique the article. Did the author correctly interpret the research? Did it sound like the author understood what the medical professional was trying to say and did they add background details or analysis appropriate to the subject? Was anything missing? Explain what you would change or add to the article to make it more accurate or informative. Resources to get you started When & How to Wash Your Hands http://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015 Hand-washing: Do's and don'ts http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/hand-washing/art-20046253

Answer 1

Find an article about handwashing in an online health magazine or website such as Prevention, Men’s Health, or WebMD. The site should be mainstream and reputable. Examples of topics include how to properly wash your hands, the use of hand sanitizers, or any disease transmission topic that can be prevented or reduced by proper handwashing

According to Global handwashing partnership (https://globalhandwashing.org/about-handwashing)

Handwashing is a priority behavior for international development that improves health, nutrition, education, economic development, and equity.

Proper handwashing requires soap and water.

To wash properly, follow these steps:

• Wet hands,
• Cover wet hands with soap,
• Scrub all surfaces, including palms, back of the hands, between the fingers, and under the fingernails, for about 20 seconds,
• Rinse well with running water, and
• Dry on a clean cloth or by waving in the air.

Germs that can cause diseases lodge in dirt, grease, and the natural oils on hands. Water alone does not dislodge them, but soap helps break down germ-carrying oils. Soap also facilitates rubbing and friction which can remove germs from the hands, and so that germs can be rinsed away with water.

Sanitizers:Waterless hand cleansers, such as those containing alcohol or alternative agents, may be useful, particularly in healthcare settings and for times where access to soap and water is challenging, for example during emergencies. Yet, the feasibility and scalability of waterless options for hand cleansing to improve child health in the general population are currently limited due to a lack of robust supply chains and the cost of the product. If hands are visibly soiled, handwashing with soap should always be used, as sanitizers do not remove dirt.

Prevention:Handwashing with soap helps prevent gastrointestinal diseases like diarrhea; respiratory diseases like pneumonia and influenza; and other infections such as Ebola and healthcare-associated infections. Handwashing with soap may help prevent soil-transmitted helminth infections, which infect over 1.5 billion people.

Choose an article that includes a quote from a health professional or references a medical research study. Include the link in your submission. Summarize the article. What specific information did the author’s source provide regarding the topic? What information or opinion has the author provided on their own and what have they concluded from the study or source? Critique the article. Did the author correctly interpret the research? Did it sound like the author understood what the medical professional was trying to say and did they add background details or analysis appropriate to the subject? Was anything missing? Explain what you would change or add to the article to make it more accurate or informative.

Hand hygiene management among nurses: collective health challenges(http://www.scielo.br/pdf/reben/v71s1/0034-7167-reben-71-s1-0562.pdf)

Objective: To describe the determining factors in hand hygiene management among nurses and identify associated collective health challenges

The outcome of this research study was that no nurses were able to identify all the moments for hand hygiene using water and soap or alcohol-based handrub.

The specific information in this study is continuous training, adequate materials/structures in the units, and redesigned administration/supervision practices are determining factors to achieve higher levels of adherence to hand hygiene among nurses, as well as increased quality and safety in care delivery.

Summary :

The study is explaining about the hand hygiene management among nurses working in Internal Medicine units of a hospital. Hospital acquired infections a barrier to proper treatment, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, affecting hundreds of thousands of people each year, and a cause of increased consumption of hospital and community resources, of which around one-third could be prevented.

The target population of this study was selected upon consultation with the Head Nurses and service directors of units. A total of 115 nurses were identified. The following inclusion criteria were applied: (i) nurses holding, at least, the Bachelor’s degree; (ii) nurses providing direct care to patients; (iii) nurses working in each unit at the time of data collection; and (iv) nurses who expressed their will to participate by signing the informed consent form.

Study protocol: An extensive literature review on the topic revealed the lack of a specific instrument to analyze nurses’ hand hygiene management, both at the national and international levels.

In the study the nurses were asked about when to do handwashing,  Most nurses identified the need to perform hand hygiene before a clean/aseptic procedure (92%) and after touching a patient (90%).

Before a clean/aseptic procedure 92%,After touching a patient 90%,After body fluid exposure risk 86%,before touching a patient 74%,after touching patient surroundings 44%.

According to CDC we need to perform handwash

• Before, during, and after preparing food
• Before eating food
• Before and after caring for someone who is sick
• Before and after treating a cut or wound
• After using the toilet
• After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet
• After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing
• After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste
• After handling pet food or pet treats
• After touching garbage

The datas collected are done using questionaire 's and not collected by practical approach .The practical approach will be accurate to identify the nurses behaviour in performing handwashing.

Thus handwashing is very important in preventing hospital acquired and also many infections .