1. Using as many appropriate anatomical terms as apply, write sentences that describe the positional relationship...

1. Using as many appropriate anatomical terms as apply, write sentences that describe the positional relationship from a. your left ankle to your left foot b. your right elbow to your nose c. the positional relationship from your mouth to your pinky finger on your right hand.

2. Using as many appropriate anatomical terms as apply, describe the position of the heart in the body and its position relative to the right kidney.

6. The total lung capacity of a patient is 5.9 liters. Find the patient’s inspiratory reserve volume if the patient’s vital capacity was 4.1 liters, the tidal volume was 550 ml, and the expiratory reserve volume was 1.6 liters.

Solutions

Expert Solution

1a) The left ankle is proximal (adjacent) to the left food, but is superior (above) and posterior (at the back of) to it.

1b) The right elbow is inferior to (below) and distal to (away from) the nose, with the neck and the upper thorax in between. While the nose is along the midline, the right elbow is inferio-lateral (below, and to one side of) with respect to (w.r.t) it. The right elbow is posterior w.r.t the nose and is also caudal w.r.t to it.

1c) The mouth is superiomedial w.r.t the pinky finger, rostal w.r.t it and distal from it, with the neck, thorax, the right upper arm, right elbow, right lower arm and right palm intervening (from up to down/superior to inferior and proximal to distal).

2. The heart is superio-medial and ventral w.r.t the right kidney (kidneys are closer to the back/body wall while the heart is more to the front).

6. Total lung volume (TLV) = Residual volume (RV) + Vital capacity (VC)

VC = Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) + Tidal volume (TV) + Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Substituting, we get: 4.1 L = IRV + 0.55 L + 1.6 L

Or, 4.1 L = IRV + 2.15 L

Or IRV = 4.1 L - 2.15 L = 1.95 L (Therefore, IRV = 1.95 L)

Additionally, we can also find RV to be 5.9 L - 4.1 L = 1.8 L.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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