the relationship between CPG and systematic reviews
the relationship between CPG and systematic reviews
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Clinical practice guidelines are
systematically developed statements to assist practitioner and
patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific
clinical circumstances.
Clinical practice guidelines are
statements that include recommendations intended to optimize
patient care that are informed by a systematic review of evidence
and an assessment of the benefits and harms of alternative care
options. Rather than dictating a one-size-fits-all approach to
patient care, clinical practice guidelines offer an evaluation of
the quality of the relevant scientific literature, and an
assessment of the likely benefits and harms of a particular
treatment. This information enables health care clinicians to
select the best care for a unique patient based on his or her
preferences.
Clinical practice guidelines have
been developed to improve the process and outcomes of health care
and to optimize resource utilization. By addressing such issues as
prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, they can aid in health care
decision making at many levels. Several other decision aids are
cast in the guideline lexicon, regardless of their focus,
formulation, or format; this can foster misunderstanding of the
term "guideline." Whether created or adapted locally or nationally,
most guidelines are an amalgam of clinical experience, expert
opinion, and research evidence. Approaches to practice guideline
development vary widely.
Systematic reviews can aid in
guideline development because they involve searching for,
selecting, critically appraising, and summarizing the results of
primary research. The more rigorous the review methods used and the
higher the quality of the primary research that is synthesized, the
more evidence-based the practice guideline is likely to be.
Summaries of relevant research
incorporated into guideline documents can help to keep
practitioners up to date with the literature.
Systematic reviews have also been
published on the dissemination and implementation strategies most
likely to change clinician behavior and improve patient outcomes.
These can be useful in more effectively translating research
evidence into practice.
Suppose you discovered a systematic relationship between the
priceearnings ratios of stocks and the performance of stocks. In
other words, knowledge of a firm’s price-earnings ratio proved
helpful in predicting which stocks would show superior performance.
Would this evidence be consistent with any of three versions of the
efficient markets hypothesis?
Systematic reviews are not free of biases. A meta-analysis was
recently published that examined the association both red and
processed) meat consumption and colorectal cancer. In their results
the authors reported that the publication bias was in the studies
on processed meat and colon cancer, noting that small studies with
inverse missing. When present publication bias with these
characteristics is most likely to lead to:
a over-estimation of the association between an exposure and an
outcome.
b.confounding the association between...
Choose a systematic review from the list of approved reviews
based on your interests or your practice situation. Formulate a
significant clinical question related to the topic of the
systematic review that will be the basis for your capstone change
project. Relate how you developed the question. Describe the
importance of this question to your clinical practice previously,
currently, or in the future. Describe what a research-practice gap
is.
Be sure to include all components of the PICO question (P=...
20 marks question
1.explain the relationship between After-Event Reviews (AERs)
and experiential
training
2.discuss the effectiveness of management and leadership
development programs
and how that can be improved
3. describe the content of programs used to develop conceptual,
technical, and
interpersonal managerial skills