Question

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1.Using the Lewis structure drawing method developed in lecture and lab, complete the following multi-part question. Remember to adjust any of your electron counts as required when you do not initially have enough covalent bonds to connect all of your periphery atoms to the central atom. An electron count adjustment should not be done if all you are doing is optimizing an already drawn Lewis structure.

Compound or Ion Name

Chemical Formula

Nitrate Ion

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ngc e-

valence e-

bonding e-

nonbonding e-

How many covalent bonds do your calculations (with any required adjustments for insufficient covalent bonds) indicate are needed?

How many lone pairs do your calculations (with any required adjustments for insufficient covalent bonds) indicate are needed?

At this point, and in order to answer the rest of the questions, you will actually need to take out a piece of paper and draw a Lewis structure for the formula that was provided.

How many electron groups are associated with the central atom in your Lewis structure?

What is the hybridization state of central atom? ---Select--- sp sp2 sp3 sp3d sp3d2

What is the geometry of the electron groups around the central atom? ---Select--- linear trigonal planar tetrahedral trigonal bipyramidal octahedral

What is the shape of the Lewis structure? ---Select--- linear trigonal planar tetrahedral trigonal bipyramidal octahedral bent trigonal pyramidal see-saw T-shaped square pyramidal square planar

How many lone pairs of electrons are on the central atom?

How many dark wedge bonds are on the central atom?

How many dashed bonds are on the central atom?

What is the formal charge on the central atom? (Use answers like 0,-1,+1,-2,+2, etc.)

2.

Using the Lewis structure drawing method developed in lecture and lab, complete the following multi-part question. Remember to adjust any of your electron counts as required when you do not initially have enough covalent bonds to connect all of your periphery atoms to the central atom. An electron count adjustment should not be done if all you are doing is optimizing an already drawn Lewis structure.

Compound or Ion Name

Chemical Formula

Phosphorus Pentabromide

ngc e-

valence e-

bonding e-

nonbonding e-

How many covalent bonds do your calculations (with any required adjustments for insufficient covalent bonds) indicate are needed?

How many lone pairs do your calculations (with any required adjustments for insufficient covalent bonds) indicate are needed?

At this point, and in order to answer the rest of the questions, you will actually need to take out a piece of paper and draw a Lewis structure for the formula that was provided.

How many electron groups are associated with the central atom in your Lewis structure?

What is the hybridization state of central atom? ---Select--- sp sp2 sp3 sp3d sp3d2

What is the geometry of the electron groups around the central atom? ---Select--- linear trigonal planar tetrahedral trigonal bipyramidal octahedral

What is the shape of the Lewis structure? ---Select--- linear trigonal planar tetrahedral trigonal bipyramidal octahedral bent trigonal pyramidal see-saw T-shaped square pyramidal square planar

How many lone pairs of electrons are on the central atom?

How many dark wedge bonds are on the central atom?

How many dashed bonds are on the central atom?

What is the formal charge on the central atom? (Use answers like 0,-1,+1,-2,+2, etc.)

Answer 1

1) Nitrate ion  

Valence electrons. on central atom : 5

Number of bonding electrons : 8. (4 bond pairs)

Number of non bonding electrons : 0

Number of covalent bonds : 4

electron groups are associated with the central atom. : 4 pairs ( 8 elcetrons )

Hybridisation : sp2

Geometry : Trigonal plannar

Lewis shape : T Shape

Number of lone pairs: 0

dark wedge bonds: 0

dashed bonds : 0

Formal charge on th central atom : +1

2) Phosporous penta bromide    

Valence electrons. on central atom : 0

Number of bonding electrons : 10 (5 bond pairs)

Number of non bonding electrons : 0

Number of covalent bonds : 5

electron groups are associated with the central atom. : 5 pairs ( 10 elcetrons )

Hybridisation : sp2d2

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Geometry : Trigonal plannar

Lewis shape : T Shape

Number of lone pairs: 0

dark wedge bonds: 0

dashed bonds : 0

Formal charge on th central atom : +1