Question

Critically evaluate Rawls' claim that 'the natural distribution is neither just nor unjust; but what is just and unjust is the way institutions in society deal with these natural inequalities'.

Answer 1

Rolls' idea of ​​the original position, as originally conceived, is his interpretation of the moral point of view regarding issues of justice. The original position is a hypothetical perspective that we can take in our moral thinking about the most basic principles of social and political justice. Rolls orders the principles of justice in a glossary, as follows: 1, 2 (b), 2 (a). The precedence of the principle of freedom is the primacy, followed by the principle of equal opportunity and finally the principle of difference. The first principle must be met before 2 (b), and 2 (b) must be fulfilled before 2 (a). Rawls suggests that you imagine yourself in an original position behind the veil of ignorance. Behind this veil, know nothing about yourself, your natural abilities, or your position in society. He does not know anything about his gender, race, nationality or individual tastes. His theory of justice describes equality as a society of free citizens who enjoy the same basic rights and cooperate in the framework of an economic system based on equality. Social and economic inequalities must be arranged so that both are: (a) to achieve the greatest benefit from the disadvantaged .and (b) dedicated to offices and jobs open to all under conditions of equal opportunity. The principle of difference (the first part of the second principle, by (a)), addresses differences or disparities in the distribution of primary assets for income, wealth, powers, office positions and responsibilities. So that those who are better can thrive; Any degree of inequality is permitted in the name of maximizing benefit, provided it does not violate the social minimum.