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In: Biology

What protective structure allows bacteria from phylum Firmicutes to tolerate extreme conditions such as high temperatures...

What protective structure allows bacteria from phylum Firmicutes to tolerate extreme conditions such as high temperatures or minimal moisture?

Name two chemicals contained within this structure that aid in the protection of these cells.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Endospore is the protective structure that allows the bacteria from Fimbricutes to tolerate extreme conditions such as high temp or minimal moisture as these endospores are thick walled , tough, dormant ,non reproductive cells which are formed during extreme environment conditions such as lack of nutrients, high temp, freezing conditions, minimal moisture conditions etc.

Endospore consist of bacterial DNA, ribosomes and dipicolinic acid.

Two chemicals are calcium and dipicolinic acid contained within endospore constitute about 20% of its dry weight and aid in protection of bacterial cell by stablizing DNA.

Calcium provide resistance against heat and oxidizing agents while Dipicolinic acid provide resistance to endospore against heat could be responsible for the heat resistance of the spore, and calcium may aid in resistance to heat and oxidizing agents.Some small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs) are present in endospores which are responsible for tightly binding and condensing of the DNA, and providing resistance to UV light and DNA-damaging chemicals.

gladiator answered 2 hours ago
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