Question

In: Chemistry

Place these hydrocarbons in order of decreasing boiling point. Rank from highest to the lowest boiling...

Place these hydrocarbons in order of decreasing boiling point. Rank from highest to the lowest boiling point. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.

Paraffin, butane, octane, (2,2,4 trimethylpentane), octadecane

Expert Solution

Order of Boiling point (BP)- Highest to the lowest

Paraffin, Octadecane ,Octane, 2,2,4 trimethylpentane, butane

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Explanation:

Some useful thumb rules in deciding boiling points:

1 Solids have higher boiling point than liquids and gases

2.Among hydrocarbons, boiling point increases with increase in molecular weight

3.Branched chain hydrocarbons have lower boiling points than straight chain ismers

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Paraffin -Solid -Highest BP

Butane - Least molecular weight - lowest BP

The molecular weight of Octadecane (CH₃(CH₂)₁₆CH₃) is greater than those of Octane, 2,2,4 trimethylpentane which are isomeric MF C8H18

Therefore the BP of Octadecane (CH₃(CH₂)₁₆CH₃) is greater than those of Octane, 2,2,4 trimethylpentane

Octane is a straight chain alkene whereas the isomeric 2,2,4 trimethylpentane has branched chain.Therefore between these two compounds Octane has a higher BP

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BP Values

Paraffin, greater than 370 deg C

Octadecane 317 deg C

,Octane, 125 deg C

2,2,4 trimethylpentane, 99 deg C

butane -1 deg C

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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