Question

Week 7 Assignment

1. Define the following terms:
   1. Ampule
   2. Aqueous
   3. Bolus
   4. Cannula
   5. Diluent
   6. Gauge
   7. Occlusion
   8. Parenteral
   9. Phlebitis
   10. Precipitate
   11. Taut
   12. Vial
2. Match the term with its definition and place the corresponding letter in the first column by placing the correct letter next to the number:

Cartridge Unit	The second drug to be drawn up; usually the cloudier medication
Cubic Centimeter	Within the muscle
Extravasation	Threaded end in which the needle can be locked by twisting
Intra-articular	First drug to be drawn up when combining two drugs into one syringe; often the clearer medication
Intradermal	Within a joint
Intramuscular	Pertaining to under the dermis (or true layer of the skin).
Luer-Lok	Disposable prefilled cartridge of medication that slips into a non-disposable injection
Primary drug	Unit used for the calibration and marking of syringes (no longer used in charting because cc I considered a dangerous abbreviation; mL is now used in its place)
Secondary drug	Medication fluid leaks from the cannula or from the vein into the tissues surrounding the site
Subcutaneous	Pertaining to within the skin

3. List 6 separate routes for delivering parenteral medications.
4. List several complications that may occur when administering IV therapy.
5. What two vaccines should not be given to pregnant patients?
6. For the following descriptions-state which type of injection is being described-answers may be used more than once (answer options: A. Intradermal injection, B. Subcutaneous injection, C. Intramuscular injection, D. Intravenous injection), there is only one answer for each question.
   1. Deltoid, ventrogluteal regions, vastus lateralis
   2. 10-15 degree angle
   3. PPD (tuberculin skin test)
   4. 23-25 G
   5. Fatty outer portion of the upper arms, the lower abdomen, the middle and lower back, and the thigh region
   6. No more than 1 mL per location
   7. Needle size 20-23 G, 1-2"
   8. 18-20 G for hormones, steroids, penicillin, and certain vitamin preparations
   9. 45 degree angle; however, a 90 degree angle may be appropriate for patients with lots of adipose tissue or when using a shorter needle
   10. Thicker or oil-based medications, typically 18-20 G needle
   11. 26-27 G
   12. Aspirate, except for immunizations
   13. ½ - 5/8 inch
   14. A longer needle and a steeper angle of 90 degrees
   15. 3/8-5/8 inch
   16. No more than 3 mL
7. What type of diluent is typically used to reconstitute powdered medications
   1. Sterile peroxide
   2. Sterile alcohol
   3. Sterile saline
   4. Sterile chloride
8. All of the following are types of medications that are single-dose and available in prefilled cartridges except:
   1. Penicillin G benzathine
   2. Phenergan
   3. DepoProvera
   4. Albuterol
9. At what angle should an intradermal injection be given?
   1. 5-degree
   2. 10-15 degree
   3. 45-degree
   4. 90-degree
10. All of the following would be sits for subcutaneous injection except:
    1. Inner forearm
    2. Upper arm
    3. Lower abdomen
    4. Thigh region
11. The dorsogluteal site was previously used to administer medications; however, this site is no longer recommended because of the danger of nicking what nerve?
    1. Ulnar
    2. Sciatic
    3. Femoral
    4. Popliteal
12. All of the following would be common medications given subcutaneously except:
    1. MMR
    2. Polio (IPV)
    3. Allergy injections
    4. Allergy extracts for testing
13. Which of the following routes should be used for the MMR vaccine?
    1. Intradermal
    2. Subcutaneous
    3. IM
    4. Z-track
14. Which of the following routes should be used for PPD or tuberculin skin testing?
    1. Intradermal
    2. Subcutaneous
    3. IM
    4. Z-track

Answer 1

Answers :

Define the following terms :

a. Ampule

a small sealed glass capsule containing a liquid , espesially a meassured quantity ready for injecting.

b. Aqueous

Aqueous definition, of , like , or containing water, watery : an aqueous solution.

c. Bolus

Is the administration of a diescrete amount of medication , drug or other compound within a specific time, generally within 1 to 30 minutes, in order to raise its concentration in blood to an effective level.

d. Canula

A flexible tube , usually containing a trochar at one end, that is inserted into a body cavity , duct, or vessel to drain fluid or administer a substance such as a medication.

e. Diluent

a diluent referes to any liquid substance that is mixed with the coating to reduce its viscosity and increase its flow rate. The addition of a diluent to coating allows for easier application on metal surfaces for corrosion prevention.

f. Gauge

it is an instrument that messures and gives a visual display of the amount , level , or contents of something.

g. Occlusion

It is defined as the blockage or closing of a blood vessel or hollow organ.

h. Parenteral

it is defined as food or treatment that does not come through the digestive system , eg ; injections  that are injected through iv , intra muscular etc..

i. Phlebitis

It is dfined as the inflammation of the vein , usually in the legs.

j. Precipitate

it is defined as the creation of a solid from a solution. When the reaction occurs in a liquid solution , the solid formed is called the ' precipitate '.

k. Taut

The definition taut is pulled or stretched tight.

l. Vial  

  A vial is a small glass or plastic vessel or bottle , often used to store medication as liquids , powders or capsules.

Match the term with its definition :

Cartridge Unit	Disposable prefilled cartridge of medication that slips into a non disposable injection.
Cubic Centimeter	Unit used for the calibration and marking of syringes ( no longer used in charting because cc i conciderd a dangerous aabbrevation ; Ml is now used in its place ).
Extravassation	Medication fluid leaks from the cannula or from vein into the tissues surroundin the site.
Intra-articular	Within a joint
Intra dermal	Pertaining to under the dermis ( or true layer of the skin )
Intra muscular	within the muscle
Luer-Lok	Threaded end in which the needle can be locked by twisting.
Primary drug	First drug to be drawn up when combining two drugs into one syringe ; often the clearer medication.
Secondary drug	The second drug to be drawn up ;usually the cloudier medication.
Subcutaneous	Pertaining to within the skin

Separate routs for parenteral medications :

1. Intra venous ( within the vein)
2. Intra muscular ( within the muscles )
3. transdermal ( through the skin )
4. transmucosal ( through the mucous membrane )
5. topical ( on the skin )
6. inhalation ( through the respiratory tract )

Complication that may occur administering iv therapy ;

• Hematoma - tenderness at venipuncture site
• venous spasm - blanched skin over vein
• thrombosis - painfull reddened and swollen vein
• Phlebitis - severe discomfort and hardened vein
• Extravasation
• nerve tenden or ligament damage

Systemic complications ;

• circulatory over load - incresed bp, neck vein engorgement , crackle etc..
• systemic infection - fever , chills and malaise , contaminated IV site
• air embolism - weak puls , increased CVP , decreased bp , loss of conciousness

Two vaccines should not be given to pregnent patients

1. MMR ( measles , mumps, rubella ) Measles illness is suspected to increase the risk of spontaneous abortion or premature delivery. Mumps have the risk of spontaneous abortion is higher. Rubella during pregnency is associated with number of abnormalities in the fetus.
2. Varicella Vaccine ( chicken pox) iit is associated with increased risk of pneumonia.