Question

a student in a research-focused doctoral program would like to play an active role in controlling the research process. which type of studies would be best for this student?

1. correlational studies

2. comparative studies.

3. quasi-experimental studies

4. methodological studies.

Answer 1

Type of studies would be best for this student is :---

Quasi-experimental studies The investigator plays a more active role and has more control over the research situation in experimental research. Quasi-experimental studies are categorized as experimental studies.

Quasi-experimental studies involves themanipulation of independent variables to observe the effect on dependent variable; but it lacks at least one of the two characteristics. of the true experimental design: randomization or a control group.

Quasi-experimental design are genearly used to establish the casuality in situations where researchers are not able to randomly assign the subject to groups or for various reason no control group is available for experimental study.

Main characteristics:-

• Manipulation of the independent variables to observe the effect on the dependent variables.
• Lack of atleast one of the two other essential characteristics of the true experiment.
• Quasi-independent variables are used insted of true independent variables where independent variables dose not manipulate in complete controller situation.

Types of quasi-experimental design

1. Nonrandomized control group design:- this design is identical to the pretest- post test control group design, except that there is no random assignment of subject in experimental and cintrol group. For example; this method is used to study ' the consequences of combined care on the nature of work in nursing homes: a quasi experiment'. exp. group------=pretest-------=treatment--------=post test control group-------=pretest-------------------------=post test
2. Time series design :- ​​​​​​​

• this design is useful when the experimenter wants to measure the effect of a treatment over a long period of time.
• the experimenter would continue to administer the treatment and measure the effect a number of time during the course of the experiment.
• it is a single subject research in which the resarcher carries out an experiment on an individual or on a small number of individual by alternating between administrating and then withdrawing the treatment to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. exp. group----=O1-----O2------O3-------TREATMENT O1----O2----O3.

Advantages

• This design is more suitable for real world natural setting than true experimental rsearch design.
• It allow resarcher to evaluate the impact f quasi-independent variables under naturally conditions.
• It may be able to establish casual relationshi, where in some of the hypotheses are practically answered through this design only.

Disadvantages

• Tere is no control over extraneous variables influencing the dependent variables.
• The absence of control group or lack of control over the research setting makes the result of this design less reliable and weak for the establishment of casual relationship between independent and dependent variables.