What makes something a security issue in the economic sector? Who is the threat, and who is the referent object in the economic sector? On what logic is the threat securitized and with what amount of resources?

Assume the Canadian economy is at the equilibrium with output ?? and price ?? and then the COVID-19 shock hits the economy. Study the possible impacts of this shock on the following cases of the economy:

Demand Side (AD): (1.5 points)

a) What is the effect of COVID-19 shock on the IS curve (Note: start with the impacts on the Keynesian cross and then explain the impact of the shock on the IS curve.) Support your analysis with corresponding graphs.

b) Assuming the price is still ??, what will be the impact of the shock on the AD curve? Briefly explain your answer using a corresponding graph.

c) How can the government alleviate the negative effects of the shock on the AD curve? Briefly explain your answer by using just one example.

Supply Side (SRAS): (2 points)

d) What is the impact of the shock on the SRAS curve? Draw the graph. Support your answer using a real example.

e) What kind of policy can the government implement to alleviate the negative impact of the shock on SRAS?

f) What are some side-effects of these policies (parts c and e ) on the economy? Briefly explain.

g) What will be the new equilibrium of the economy if the government does not intervene? Draw AD and SRAS curves for before and after the shock in one graph.

Money: (1.5 points)

h) According to the portfolio theories of money, what are the factors that affect the demand for money? How they affect the demand for money? Briefly explain.

m) Considering the portfolio theories and given Figure 1 that shows the stock price in Canada. Do you think that the demand for money will decrease or increase? Why?

n) Following the COVID-19 shock, the Bank of Canada announced that they want to purchase the government’s bonds in the secondary market. Given the function of the supply of money (M=cr + 1cr + rr B) and considering your answer for part h, do you think that the supply of money will increase/decrease/or uncertain? How? Explain your answer briefly.

do Democrats and Republicans agree or disagree with what should count towards our GDP (i. e. Do they both agree with whether or not GDP should include activity in the "underground" economy, the increase in the value of leisure time (this is time not spent working in the legal labor market), social costs such as pollution (which is produced when goods and services are produced), and revenues earned from illegal activities such as prostitution and selling of illegal drugs)?

3. Breakdown of a cartel agreement Consider a town in which only two residents, Clancy and Eileen, own wells that produce water safe for drinking. Clancy and Eileen can pump and sell as much water as they want at no cost. For them, total revenue equals profit. The following table shows the town's demand schedule for water. Price Quantity Demanded Total Revenue (Dollars per gallon) (Gallons of water) (Dollars) 3.60 0 0 3.30 30 $99.00 3.00 60 $180.00 2.70 90 $243.00 2.40 120 $288.00 2.10 150 $315.00 1.80 180 $324.00 1.50 210 $315.00 1.20 240 $288.00 0.90 270 $243.00 0.60 300 $180.00 0.30 330 $99.00 0 360 0 Suppose Clancy and Eileen form a cartel and behave as a monopolist. The profit-maximizing price isper gallon, and the total output isgallons. As part of their cartel agreement, Clancy and Eileen agree to split production equally. Therefore, Clancy's profit is, and Eileen's profit is. Suppose that Clancy and Eileen have been successfully operating as a cartel. They each charge the monopoly price and sell half of the monopoly quantity. Then one night before going to sleep, Clancy says to himself, "Eileen and I aren't the best of friends anyway. If I increase my production to 30 gallons more than the cartel amount, I can increase my profit even though her profit goes down. I will do that starting tomorrow." After Clancy implements his new plan, the price of water toper gallon. Given Eileen and Clancy's production levels, Clancy's profit becomes and Eileen's profit becomes. Because Clancy has deviated from the cartel agreement and increased his output of water to 30 gallons more than the cartel amount, Eileen decides that she will also increase her production to 30 gallons more than the cartel amount. After Eileen increases her production, Clancy's profit becomes, Eileen's profit becomes, and total profit (the sum of the profits of Clancy and Eileen) is now. True or False: Based on the fact that both Clancy and Eileen increased production from the initial cartel quantity, you know that the output effect was smaller than the price effect at that quantity. True False Note that Clancy and Eileen started by behaving cooperatively. However, once Clancy decided to cheat, Eileen decided to cheat as well. In other words, Eileen's output decisions are based on Clancy's actions. This behavior is an example of .

1. . Suppose each ice cream truck has a marginal cost of $1.50 per ice cream cone sold and no fixed cost. Suppose the maximum number of ice cream cones sold by any one truck in a day is 100.

1. If the price of an ice cream cone is $2, how many ice cream cones does each truck want to sell?
2. If the industry is perfectly competitive will the price remain at $2 for an ice cream cone? If not, what will the price be?
3. If each ice cream truck sells exactly 100 ice cream cones a day and the demand for ice cream cones from ice cream trucks in the city is Q = 4400 - 1200P, how many ice cream trucks are there?

During the late 1970s and the first part of the 1980s, the Fed seemed to react in a counterintuitive manner to the 1970s oil shocks. Explain the reasoning behind the Fed's policy decisions and the effect that they had on the economy?

Would you worry about a trade deficit with one country? Why or why not? How would a trade deficit with the rest of the world be different?

1. The individual labor supply curve will be negatively sloped if the substitution effect of wages is:

Group of answer choices

a) Weaker than the income effect of wages.

b) Equal to the income effect of wages.

c) Stronger than the income effect of wages.

d) Negative.

2.

Ceteris paribus, if immigration to the United States increases the number of workers, the market labor-supply curve will shift to the:

Group of answer choices

a) Right and the equilibrium wage rate will fall.

b) Right and the equilibrium wage rate will rise.

c) Left and the equilibrium wage rate will fall.

d) Left and the equilibrium wage rate will rise.

3.

If consumers decide to buy fewer strawberries, then the:

Group of answer choices

a) Demand for strawberry pickers will fall.

b) Demand for strawberry pickers will rise.

c) Quantity demanded of strawberry pickers will fall.

d) Quantity demanded of strawberry pickers will rise.

4.

Other things being equal, higher wage rates will:

Group of answer choices

a)Decrease the supply of labor.

b)Increase the supply of labor.

c)Decrease the demand for labor.

d)Decrease the quantity demanded of labor.

5.

The marginal revenue product of labor is equal to:

Group of answer choices

a)The marginal physical product multiplied by the marginal revenue of the output.

b)The change in the quantity of labor divided by the change in total revenue.

c)The change in total output divided by the change in the quantity of labor.

d)The percentage change in total revenue divided by the percentage change in the quantity of labor.

6.

Other things being equal, a profit-maximizing employer will employ additional labor as long as:

Group of answer choices

a)The MPP of labor exceeds the MRP of labor.

b)The wage rate exceeds marginal revenue.

c)The cost efficiency of labor falls relative to other inputs.

d)The MRP of labor exceeds the wage rate.

7.

In Table 15.1, the marginal physical product of the third worker hired is:

Group of answer choices

a)15 units per hour.

b)4 units per hour.

c)3 units per hour.

d)5 units per hour.

8.

In Table 15.1, how many workers should be hired?

Group of answer choices

a)2

b)3

c)4

d)5

9.

If the elasticity of labor demand is -0.60, a 15 percent increase in the wage rate will induce a:

Group of answer choices

a)9 percent decrease in the quantity of labor demanded.

b)9 percent increase in the quantity of labor demanded.

c)4.0 percent decrease in the quantity of labor demanded.

d)4.0 percent increase in the quantity of labor demanded.

10.

If the elasticity of labor demand is -0.60, then as a result of the increase in the wage rate, total labor income will   _________.

Group of answer choices

a) increase because labor demand is elastic.

b)decrease because labor demand is elastic.

c)increase because labor demand is inelastic.

d) decrease because labor demand is inelastic.

Why would a company customize their promotional strategies/campaigns over standardizing the strategies/campaigns? Include examples.

11. A country has 50 million people, 30 million of whom are adults. Of the adults, 5 million are not interested in working, another 5 million are interested in working but have given up looking for work, and 5 million are still looking for work. Of those who do have jobs, 5 million are working part time but would like to work full time, and the remaining 10 million are working full time. How many discouraged workers does the country have?

A 5 million B 20 million C 10 million D 15 million

12. A patient with a rare disease has the same chance of survival as one with a common disease, thanks to the spillover effect.

True or False

13. Deflation is a decrease in the:

A average level of prices B velocity of money C exchange rate D inflation rate

14. The supply of savings curve shows the relationship between savings and:

A investment B income C the interest rate D age

15. A country has 24 million people in the labor force, and 21.5 million of them are employed. What is the unemployment rate in this country?

A 89.6% B 10.4% C 2.5% D 21.5%

16. The Fisher effect is the tendency of nominal interest rates to rise with the expected inflation rates.

True or False

17. Technological advances are generally expected to have  ____ spillovers.

A both positive and negative B negative C positive D no

18. Figure loanable funds expansion: In the accompanying figure, if the demand for loanable funds increased from Dlf to D1lf and the supply of loanable funds remains at Slf, the equilibrium interest rate will:

A increase to i1 temporarily and then return to i0 B fall below i0 C increase to i1 D remain at i0

19. Episodes of hyperinflation are caused by:

A moderately high rates of real GDP growth B extremely high rates of money growth C severe recessions D extreme economic booms

20. According to the textbook, one major reason for the increase in the female labor force participation rate after Worlds War II was:

A an increase in the overall production because of the baby boom B a decrease in the male labor force participation rate

   C an increase in the incentive to work D an increase in income taxes

(American Government)

How has the Internet made it easier to interact with, and influence, the bureaucracy?

(American Government)

What do you see as the biggest issue with bureaucracy, in its current form? What do you think would be more helpful in solving this problem? More political patronage or more focus on merit? Why?

Examples of companies using technology effectively for their (global) marketing campaigns.