In: Finance
| EAR =[ e^(Annual percentage rate) -1]*100 | 
| 10=(e^(APR%/100)-1)*100 | 
| APR% = 9.531 | 
| PVAnnuity Due = c*((1-(1+ i/100)^(-n))/i)*(1 + i/100 ) | 
| C = Cash flow per period | 
| i = interest rate | 
| n = number of payments | 
| PV= 25000*((1-(1+ 9.531/100)^-21)/(9.531/100))*(1+9.531/100) | 
| PV = 244834.0915 | 
| Using Calculator : Press buttons : "2ND"+"PMT"+"2ND"+"ENTER"+"2ND"+"CPT" then assign | 
| PMT =25000 | 
| I/Y =9.531 | 
| N =21 | 
| FV = 0 | 
| CPT PV | 
| Using Excel | 
| =PV(rate,nper,pmt,FV,type) | 
| =PV(9.531/(100),21,,PV,1) | 
| PV of perpetual CF = Perpetual CF/(interest rate) | 
| PV of perpetual CF = 30000/(0.09531) | 
| PV of perpetual CF = 314762.3544 | 
| Future value = present value*(1+ rate)^time | 
| 314762.3544 = Present value*(1+0.09531)^20 | 
| Present value = 50961.44 | 
| Using Calculator: press buttons "2ND"+"FV" then assign | 
| FV =-314762.3544 | 
| I/Y =9.531 | 
| N =20 | 
| PMT = 0 | 
| CPT PV | 
| Using Excel | 
| =PV(rate,nper,pmt,FV,type) | 
| =PV(0.09531,20,,314762.3544,) | 
Total = 50961.44+244834.0915
=
| 295795.53 |