Question

Decision #1: Which set of Cash Flows is worth more now?

Assume that your grandmother wants to give you generous gift. She wants you to choose which one of the following sets of cash flows you would like to receive:

Option A: Receive a one-time gift of $ 7500 today.

Option B: Receive a $1000 gift each year for the next 10 years. The first $1000 would be received 1 year from today.

Option C: Receive a one-time gift of $14,000 10 years from today.

Compute the Present Value of each of these options if you expect the interest rate to be 3% annually for the next 10 years. Which of these options does financial theory suggest you should choose?

Option A would be worth $__________ today.

Option B would be worth $__________ today.

Option C would be worth $__________ today.

Financial theory supports choosing Option _______

Compute the Present Value of each of these options if you expect the interest rate to be 7% annually for the next 10 years. Which of these options does financial theory suggest you should choose?

Option A would be worth $__________ today.

Option B would be worth $__________ today.

Option C would be worth $__________ today.

Financial theory supports choosing Option _______

Compute the Present Value of each of these options if you expect to be able to earn 10% annually for the next 10 years. Which of these options does financial theory suggest you should choose?

Option A would be worth $__________ today.

Option B would be worth $__________ today.

Option C would be worth $__________ today.

Financial theory supports choosing Option _______

Decision #2: Planning for Retirement

Luke and Olivia are 22, newly married, and ready to embark on the journey of life. They both plan to retire 45 years from today. Because their budget seems tight right now, they had been thinking that they would wait at least 10 years and then start investing $2400 per year to prepare for retirement. Olivia just told Luke, though, that she had heard that they would actually have more money the day they retire if they put $2400 per year away for the next 10 years - and then simply let that money sit for the next 35 years without any additional payments – then they would have MORE when they retired than if they waited 10 years to start investing for retirement and then made yearly payments for 35 years (as they originally planned to do).

Please help Luke and Olivia make an informed decision:

Assume that all payments are made at the END a year (or month), and that the rate of return on all yearly investments will be 8.4% annually.

a) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 45 years if they do nothing for the next 10 years, then put $2400 per year away for the remaining 35 years?

b) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 10 years if they put $2400 per year away for the next 10 years? b2) How much will that amount you just computed grow to if it remains invested for the remaining 35 years, but without any additional yearly deposits being made?

c) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 45 years if they put $2400 per year away for each of the next 45 years?

d) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 45 years if they put away $200 per MONTH at the end of each month for the next 45 years? (Remember to adjust 8.4% annual rate to a Rate per month!)

e) If Luke and Olivia wait 25 years (after the kids are raised!) before they put anything away for retirement, how much will they to put away at the end of each year for 20 years in order to have $1,000,000 saved up on the first day of their retirement 45 years from today?

Answer 1

Answer 1)

A)

Option A would be worth $__7500________ today.

Option B would be worth $___9983.52_______ today.

Option C would be worth $____13958.07______ today.

Financial theory supports choosing Option _ C______

B ) at 7% rate

Option A would be worth $___7500_______ today.

Option B would be worth $____9961.61______ today.

Option C would be worth $___13902.38_______ today.

Financial theory supports choosing Option ___C___

C ) at 10% rate

Option A would be worth $___7500_______ today.

Option B would be worth $____9945.22______ today.

Option C would be worth $___13860.77_______ today.

Financial theory supports choosing Option ___C___

Calculation below:

	Option 1		Option2				Option 3
year	Cash flow	PV(cash flow)at 3%,7% and 10%	Cash flow	PV(cash flow)@ 3%	PV(cash flow)@ 7%	PV(cash flow)@ 10%	Cash flow	PV(cash flow)@ 3%	PV(cash flow)@ 7%	PV(cash flow)@ 10%
1	$7,500	$7,500	$1,000	$999.70	$999.30	$999.00
2			$1,000	$999.40	$998.60	$998.00
3			$1,000	$999.10	$997.90	$997.01
4			$1,000	$998.80	$997.20	$996.01
5			$1,000	$998.50	$996.51	$995.01
6			$1,000	$998.20	$995.81	$994.02
7			$1,000	$997.90	$995.11	$993.03
8			$1,000	$997.60	$994.42	$992.04
9			$1,000	$997.30	$993.72	$991.04
10			$1,000	$997.00	$993.03	$990.05	$14,000	$13,958.07	$13,902.38	$13,860.77
Total		$7,500		$9,983.52	$9,961.61	$9,945.22		$13,958.07	$13,902.38	$13,860.77

Answer 2)  

a) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 45 years if they do nothing for the next 10 years, then put $2400 per year away for the remaining 35 years?

=> $ 85,210.68

calculation :

year(after 10years)	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35
Cash flow	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400		Total
FV(cash flow)@ 8.4%	$2,469.50	$2,467.43	$2,465.36	$2,463.29	$2,461.22	$2,459.16	$2,457.09	$2,455.03	$2,452.97	$2,450.91	$2,448.85	$2,446.80	$2,444.75	$2,442.69	$2,440.64	$2,438.59	$2,436.55	$2,434.50	$2,432.46	$2,430.42	$2,428.38	$2,426.34	$2,424.30	$2,422.27	$2,420.24	$2,418.21	$2,416.18	$2,414.15	$2,412.12	$2,410.10	$2,408.07	$2,406.05	$2,404.03	$2,402.02	$2,400.00		$85,210.68

b) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 10 years if they put $2400 per year away for the next 10 years?

Answer : $ 24090.92

year	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Cash flow	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400		Total
FV(cash flow)@ 8.4%	$2,418.21	$2,416.18	$2,414.15	$2,412.12	$2,410.10	$2,408.07	$2,406.05	$2,404.03	$2,402.02	$2,400.00		$24,090.92

b2) How much will that amount you just computed grow to if it remains invested for the remaining 35 years, but without any additional yearly deposits being made?

answer ) FV = P (1+r)^ n , n = 35 years ,r = 8.4% and P= $ 24090.92

= $ 405,394.94

c) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 45 years if they put $2400 per year away for each of the next 45 years?

Answer ) $ 110,020.08

calculation below for c and D combined

d) How much money will Luke and Olivia have in 45 years if they put away $200 per MONTH at the end of each month for the next 45 years? (Remember to adjust 8.4% annual rate to a Rate per month!)

Answer ) $ 9168.64

calculation below

year	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40	41	42	43	44	45
Cash flow	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400	$2,400		Total
FV(cash flow)@ 8.4%	$2,490.32	$2,488.23	$2,486.15	$2,484.06	$2,481.98	$2,479.89	$2,477.81	$2,475.73	$2,473.65	$2,471.58	$2,469.50	$2,467.43	$2,465.36	$2,463.29	$2,461.22	$2,459.16	$2,457.09	$2,455.03	$2,452.97	$2,450.91	$2,448.85	$2,446.80	$2,444.75	$2,442.69	$2,440.64	$2,438.59	$2,436.55	$2,434.50	$2,432.46	$2,430.42	$2,428.38	$2,426.34	$2,424.30	$2,422.27	$2,420.24	$2,418.21	$2,416.18	$2,414.15	$2,412.12	$2,410.10	$2,408.07	$2,406.05	$2,404.03	$2,402.02	$2,400.00		$110,020.08
Cash flow	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200	$200		Total
FV(cash flow)@ 8.4%	$207.53	$207.35	$207.18	$207.00	$206.83	$206.66	$206.48	$206.31	$206.14	$205.96	$205.79	$205.62	$205.45	$205.27	$205.10	$204.93	$204.76	$204.59	$204.41	$204.24	$204.07	$203.90	$203.73	$203.56	$203.39	$203.22	$203.05	$202.88	$202.71	$202.53	$202.36	$202.20	$202.03	$201.86	$201.69	$201.52	$201.35	$201.18	$201.01	$200.84	$200.67	$200.50	$200.34	$200.17	$200.00		$9,168.34

e) If Luke and Olivia wait 25 years (after the kids are raised!) before they put anything away for retirement, how much will they to put away at the end of each year for 20 years in order to have $1,000,000 saved up on the first day of their retirement 45 years from today?

Answer ) $ 3959.85 = $ 3960

calculation below

year	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40	41	42	43	44	45
Cash flow	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960	$3,960		Total
FV(cash flow)@ 8.4%	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$0.00	$4,040.46	$4,037.07	$4,033.68	$4,030.29	$4,026.91	$4,023.53	$4,020.15	$4,016.78	$4,013.41	$4,010.04	$4,006.67	$4,003.31	$3,999.95	$3,996.59	$3,993.24	$3,989.89	$3,986.54	$3,983.19	$3,979.85	$3,976.51	$3,973.17	$3,969.84	$3,966.51	$3,963.18	$3,959.85		$100,000.59