1. What are economies of scale? How do economies and
diseconomies of scale influence the shape of the long run cost
curves? How do economies of scale relate to indivisible setup
costs? What are diseconomies of scale and how do they arise?
This question deals with external economies of scale.
a) How does external economies of scale potentially justify
infant industry protection? Use a diagram to help you answer
this.
b) Suppose that Germany and India can both produce shirts, but
India has a lower average cost curve. Germany has the head start in
world production of shirts, beginning as the world's only supplier
of shirts. Even though Germany has the head start advantage, India
can still enter production of shirts. Draw...
(4 pts) Define ‘economies of scope’ and ‘economies of scale’.
Discuss how they are similar. Discuss how they differ. Explain how
either could be used to sustain positive economic profits (up to
and including a monopolistic position).
a) Two methods of measuring economies of scale ( 20
marks)
b) Three factors that determine the degree of market
concentration ( 20 marks)
c) The relationship between concentration and market
performance ( 20 marks)