Question

Intermolecular force between a N2 molecule and a O2 molecule is:

a.ion-dipole force

b.hydrogen bond

c.dipole-dipole force

d.dispersion (London) force

e.ionic bond

Answer:D

Please solve this step by step. Let me know if I am suppose to memorize anything. Why can the others be the right answer? Provide an example of each please.

Answer 1

N2 and O2 are nonpolar molecules and therefor their electron cloud is simetric and uniform.

This molecules don't count with hydrogen in their structure so answer B) hydrogen bond can be discard.

London dispersion forces occur between all molecules, both nonpolar and polar, but dispersion forces are the only intermolecular forces between nonpolar molecules.

Ion Dipole: When one pole of a dipole is attracted to an oppositely charged ion. The negative pole of a dipole will be attracted to a cation (positive charge) and the positive pole of a dipole will be attracted to an anion (negative charge.)

An example of Ion Dipole force is NaCl dissolved in water: 

Na+ is attracted to the δ- oxygen of water  Cl- is attracted to the δ+ hydrogens of water

Dipole-dipole force: When bond dipoles are attracted to opposite charges: the positive end of one dipole is attracted to the negative end of a second dipole (due to electrostatic attractions)

An example of Dipole-dipole force is the bromine monofluoride δ+Br-Fδ- --- δ+Br-Fδ-

Ionic bond: a noncovalent molecular force that occurs between an anion and a cation due to electrostatic attractions (between the positive and negative charge.)

An example of Ionic bond is MgO

An example of Hydrogen bonding occurs most famously between water molecules. When one molecule of water attracts another the two can bond together; adding more molecules results in more and more water sticking together. This bond is responsible for the crystal structure of ice, which allows it to float.

Another example of dipole-dipole force is the mixture of water H2O with Ethanol C2H5OH. They both have a pole that concentrate the electron cloud in one zone in both cases near to the Oxigen, leaving a positive charge in the other ending of the molecule, so the each concentration of electron cloud is atracted by this positive charge of other molecule.