What is the more beneficial in resisting torsion the solid section or the hollow section? State why?

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Abdul-Rahim Taysir

Two plates of thicknesses 25mm and 15mm are clamped together by an M8x1.25 bolt used with a regular nut and with regular washers placed on both the nut and bolt head sides. The top plate is 25mm thick with E=70 GPa and the bottom plate is 15mm thick with E=90 GPa Determine the fraction of external load borne by the bolts. The bolt, nut and washer are made up of steel (E=207 GPa). Note: Round up the bolt length to the nearest 5mm

1. i) The majority of machining operations involve tool shapes that are three dimensions, which refer to orthogonal and oblique cutting. Explain the mechanism of both cutting with an aid of diagram

ii) The accompanying illustration shows a fixture that is to be machined from rectangular blank. Recommend the type of operations, sequence required and specify the machine tools that are needed.

2. As an engineer, propose and describe the most suitable joining process for joining beam for bridge and describe the advantages of the process selection (6marks)

Which energy sector (Residential+Commerical, Transportation, Industrial Sector) has the greatest need for energy conservation and why? Which energy sector is most likely to achieve significant energy conservation and Why?

Answer to the following:

a. Define the flow work from the energy balance for the control volume system.

b. What is the flow work for the case of steady, incompressible flow?

c. Discuss the physical meaning of the equation for the above case b.

d. Discuss the reason why the flow work of a heat pump must be minimized.

e. Discuss which process is the best for a heat pump among the isentropic, polytropic, and isothermal processes in terms of the P-v property diagram

is polyurethane coating considered and organic coating? explain.

Experimentally it has been found that the toughness to fracture, varies with the thickness of the test specimen, under what conditions a minimum value (flat effort or flat deformation) is obtained and why ?.

1. An iron alloy with a carbon content of 0.05% C is heated up to 912oC in an atmosphere that produces 1.20% C on the surface and thus is maintained for 24 hours. Calculate the carbon content at 0.05 cm below the surface if (a) iron is CC and (b) iron is CCC. Explain the difference.

C-Fe bcc (Q= 20.900 cal/mol Do = 0,011 cm2/s ) C-Fefcc (Q= 32.900 cal/mol Do = 0,23 cm2/s ), ferror (0,0685)= 0,077, ferror(0,192) = 0,2139

How are ceramic bearings manufactured? Provide information on the crushing and wear characteristics of ceramic bearings? Ceramic bearings are used in which applications.

Please, I want a paragraph about PLA materiel, with a table of properties of PLA.

I need it in an experimental measurement and techniques project. NO PLAGIARISM PLEASE

Q2 A single stage nozzled axial flow gas turbine operates with 1000 K total inlet temperature and 4.8 bar inlet total pressure with 12 kg/s mass flow rate. The axial velocity throughout the stage is constant at 220 m/s and the blade speed is 350 m/s. The nozzle exit and the rotor exit angles are 65° and 7° respectively. The static pressure at the exit of the stage is 2.5 bar. Assuming equal inlet and exit absolute flow velocities, determine: (i) relative flow angle at rotor inlet; (ii) relative velocity at stage inlet; (iii) relative flow angle at rotor exit; (iv) relative velocity at stage exit; (v) absolute flow velocity; (vi) degree of reaction; and (vii) specific power output of the turbine

An electric vehicle has the following parameter values:

m_v = 800kg

C_D =0.2

A_f = 2.2 m²

ρ = 1.18 kg/m

f r = 0.008 + 0.6×10^-6×v² (v: vehicle speed in m/s)

The vehicle is on level road. It accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h in 10s such that its velocity profile is given by v (t) =0.29055t² for 0 < t < 10s. (The mass factor is assumed unit)

a. Define the traction force expression F_t

b. Sketch F_t versus time

c. Define the instantaneous traction power expression

d. Calculate the energy consumed during the acceleration (0 < t < 10s)

e. Calculate the energy lost for non-conservative forces (wind and rolling resistance)

f. Find the change in kinetic energy and the change in tractive energy during acceleration.

The solid rod shown here has a radius of ?. If it is subjected to the force of ?? at B point, answer the following questions.

Use ??=700 ??; ???=11 ??; ???=15 ??; ???=8 ??; ?=0.7 ??

1. (a) Determine the internal loadings, T, M and V on the sectioned area; see the free body diagram (ii) (5 pts)
2. (b) Determine the shear stress developed by the shear force (V) at A point (5 pts)
3. (c) Determine the normal stress developed by the bending moment (M) at A point (5 pts)
4. (d) Determine the shear stress developed by the torque (T) at A point (5 pts)
5. (e) Determine the stress components at A, ??,?? (5 pts)

1. The thermal efficiency of a Rankine power cycle may be improved by i. Superheating the steam ii. Reheating the steam between high and lower pressure sections of the turbine iii. Regenerative Feedwater Heating iv. Insulating the turbine and decreasing the entropy production during the expansion process v. Incorporating a Rankine cycle power system as part of a cogeneration system a. Items i), ii), and iv) only b. Items i), iii), and v) only c. Items ii), iv) and v) only d. All of these e. None of these

2. The back work ratio is … a. The ratio of the compressor outlet to inlet pressure in a vapor compression power system. b. The ratio of the pump work (power) input divided by the turbine work (power) output in a Rankine cycle power system. c. The ratio of the inlet pressure to the outlet pressure in a steam turbine. d. The ratio of the inlet pressure to the outlet pressure in the feedwater pump system of a Rankine cycle power system.

3. For the Rankine cycle process where steam expands through the turbine, in a realistic process, the entropy at the exit is … a. Greater than the entropy at the inlet. b. Equal to the entropy at the inlet. c. Less than the entropy at the inlet. d. Has no relationship to the entropy at the inlet.   e. None of these answers is correct.

4. Regenerative feedwater heaters may be … a. Devices where natural gas is used to heat feedwater to prevent freezing under cold conditions.   b. Open devices where the steam and the water being heated are at the same pressure, c. Closed devices where the steam and the water being heated may be at different pressures and do not mix, d. Open or closed devices, where both have their advantages and applications. e. Devices where steam is diverted, passed back into the steam generator, and then sent back into the turbine.   f. None of the above.

5. With regenerative feedwater heating, a powerplant will not have more than one stage of feedwater pump (i.e., each feedwater pump will take in water at condenser pressure and deliver water at steam generator/turbine inlet pressure). a. True b. False

6. In a power plant, the heat rejected from the condenser … a. Is not a significant amount of heat, is rejected into the surroundings, and is not a concern.   b. Is a significant amount of heat and is captured to turn the main turbine.   c. Is a significant amount of heat, is rejected into the surroundings, and can change the local environment. d. Heat is not rejected in the condenser.

7. Deaeration is needed in systems using water as a working fluid to remove air from the water and to minimize corrosion.   a. True b. False

8. A closed feedwater heater may be used for deaeration. a. True b. False
9. In a reciprocating power system,   i. Material flows at a constant rate through the device and passes through a turbine to produce shaft power output, ii. Material does not flow at a constant rate through every section of the device.   iii. Power is produced at all times. iv. Power is produced only during part of the cycle in each section of the device and is not produced uniformly at every instant.   v. The power unit consists of one or more piston and cylinder sections with intake and exhaust valves and where fresh fuel and air are taken in during one part of the process, exhaust gases are ejected during another part of the process, and at other times the cylinder is closed off from the intake and exhaust sections (manifolds).   vi. The power unit consists of a compressor, a burner section, and a turbine.   a. Items i), iii), and vi) are correct. b. Items ii) and iii) are correct. c. Items ii), iv) and v) are correct. d. Items ii), iv), and vi) are correct. e. None of these combinations are correct.

10. The Otto cycle model is used with … a. Reciprocating internal combustion engines where the fuel-air mixture is ignited by a spark. b. Reciprocating internal combustion engines where the fuel-air mixture is ignited by high pressures in the cylinders. c. Internal combustion engines with continuous flow of fuel and air (i.e., gas turbine engines). d. External combustion “hot air” engines. e. Vapor compression refrigeration.

11. In an air standard analysis, we pretend that the substance in an engine is pure air, and we analyze this as if energy is put into the air from the outside and, later, waste heat is removed from the air. a. True b. False