Q3 (a) Describe the major independent and dependent variables that influencing cutting process

(b) A 150 mm long with 12.5 mm in diameter of a stainless steel rod is being reduced in diameter to 12.0 mm using a lathe machine. The machine spindle rotates at 400 rpm, and the tool is traveling at an axial speed of 200 mm/min. Determine;

(i) cutting speed

(ii) material removal rate, and

(iii) cutting time

(c) Briefly describe and differentiate between the melting process, pouring process and solidifying process in metal casting.

Ethics in Engineering

For each of the following five (5) scenarios, state briefly ‘what you would have done’ from an ethics perspective:

d) Dissent about quality

Discuss the ethical issue this case raises.

Dissent about quality

I

A recent graduate of Engineering Tech, Bernie Reston has been employed in the Research and Development (R&D) Chemical Engineering Division of Larom, Inc. for the past several months. Bernie was recommended to Larom as the top Engineering Tech graduate in chemical engineering.

Alex Smith, the head of Bernie's unit, showed immediate interest in Bernie's research on processes using a particular catalyst (call it B). However, until last week, his work assignments at Larom were in other areas.

A meeting of engineers in Bernie's unit is called by Alex. He announces that the unit must make a recommendation within the next two days on what catalyst should be used by Larom in processing a major product. It is clear to everyone that Alex is anticipating a brief, decisive meeting. One of the senior engineers volunteers, "We've been working on projects like this for years, and catalyst A seems to be the obvious choice." Several others immediately concur. Alex looks around the room and, hearing no further comments, says, "Well, it looks like we're in accord on this. Do we have consensus?"

So far Bernie has said nothing. He is not sure what further testing will show, but the testing he has been doing for the past week provides preliminary evidence that catalyst B may actually be best for this process. This is also in line with what his research at Engineering Tech suggested with somewhat similar processes. If catalyst B should turn out to be preferable, a great deal of money will be saved; and, in the long run, a fair amount of time will be saved as well. Should he mention his findings at this time, or should he simply defer to the senior engineers, who seem as determined as Alex to bring matters to closure?

II

Bernie somewhat hesitantly raises his hand. He briefly explains his test results and the advantages catalyst B might provide. Then he suggests that the unit might want to delay its recommendation for another two weeks so that he can conduct further tests.

Alex replies, "We don't have two weeks. We have two days." He then asks Bernie to write up the report, leaving out the preliminary data he has gathered about catalyst B. He says, "It would be nice to do some more testing, but we just don't have the time. Besides, I doubt if anything would show up in the next two weeks to change our minds. This is one of those times we have to be decisive--and we have to look decisive and quit beating around the bush. They're really getting impatient on this one. Anyway, we've had a lot of experience in this area."

Bernie replies that, even if the data on B is left out, the data on A is hardly conclusive. Alex replies, "Look you're a bright person. You can make the numbers look good without much difficulty--do the math backwards if you have to. Just get the report done in the next two days!"

Bernie likes working for Larom, and he feels lucky to have landed such a good job right out of Engineering Tech. He is also due for a significant pay raise soon if he plays his cards right.

What do you think Bernie should do? Explain your choice.

1. Write up the report as Alex says.
2. Refuse to write up the report, saying he will have no part in falsifying a report.
3. Other.

III

[Following II. 1.]

Bernie decides to write up the report. When he is finished, Alex asks him to sign it. Bernie now has second thoughts. He wonders if he should sign his name to a report that omits his preliminary research on catalyst B. Should he sign it?

IV

Bernie has now had more time to do research on catalyst B. After several weeks his research quite decisively indicates that, contrary to the expectations of Alex and the other more experienced engineers in the unit, catalyst B really would have been, far and away, the better choice. What should Bernie do now?

1. Keep the data to himself--don't make trouble.
2. Tell Alex and let him decide what, if anything, to do.
3. Other.

V

Bernie decides to say nothing. Although Larom has lost a lot of money by investing in an inferior catalyst, it is quite possible that this is the end of the matter for Bernie. The customer never complains, and no one outside at Larom raises any questions. However, it might go otherwise. Suppose a Larom competitor discovers that catalyst B is better for this type of work and it begins receiving contracts that Larom would normally be awarded. Further, what if Alex's superior then makes an inquiry into why his unit has missed out on this development?

VI

[Following II. 3.]

Bernie tries to convince Alex that a straightforward report should be submitted. Since there is a virtual consensus in the unit that catalyst A is best, A can be recommended. But the preliminary evidence about B can also be mentioned. After all, Bernie suggests, if the entire unit is convinced that A is best despite the preliminary evidence about B, why wouldn't those outside the unit be persuaded by the received wisdom of the unit? If they aren't persuaded, perhaps they will grant the unit more time to continue the research on B.

Somewhat to his surprise, Bernie finds Alex and the others receptive to his suggestion. The preliminary evidence about catalyst B is included in the report, even though A is recommended.

Unfortunately, Alex's superiors are very upset with the recommendation. They are unwilling to go ahead with the project without further testing, but they bitterly complain that the further delay will be very costly. Alex is severely criticised for not having a more convincing set of data. He, in turn, blames his staff, especially Bernie, the new specialist in this area. Bernie, Alex tells his superiors, failed to complete the necessary testing in a timely fashion. Alex tells his superiors that he should have supervised Bernie's work more closely, and he assures them that he will not let matters get out of control again. Although Bernie is not fired, he is not promoted and his salary is frozen for another year. What should he do?

1. Nothing. No good will come from complaining.
2. Confront Alex, telling him what you think of what he has done, but carrying it no further.
3. Other.

VII

Bernie decides he has nothing to gain from complaining to Alex or anyone else about becoming the "scapegoat" of the project. So, he keeps quiet. Sometime later, Alex is being considered for promotion to another division. Members of Bernie's unit are privately interviewed about his performance in the unit. Bernie is told that his comments will be kept confidential. What should he say in his interview?

VIII

Bernie says nothing negative about Alex in the interview. None of the others in the unit do either. Alex is promoted to another division. However, a year later it is discovered that he has directed someone in his new division to falsify data for reasons very similar to those in Bernie's original situation. The new person does what Alex asks. The result is a significant loss of money to Larom--only this time there is an expensive product-liability lawsuit relating to an unsafe Larom product. An inquiry takes place. The person who has falsified the report says that Alex has often requested that data be falsified--and that he typically has gotten young engineers to do the "dirty work" for him. So, it comes back to Bernie. He is asked why he didn't report Alex's orders to falsify data when the matter first came up. Bernie is accused of being partly responsible for allowing Alex to be promoted--with the resulting harm to others and loss of money and reputation to Larom.

Show that the torsional strain energy of a solid circular shaft transmitting power at a constant speed
is given by the equation:

U = (shear stress^2/4G) * volume.

Such a shaft is 0.06 m in diameter and has a flywheel of mass 30 kg and radius of gyration 0.25 m situated at a
distance of 1.2 m from a bearing. The flywheel is rotating at 200 rev/min when the bearing suddenly seizes. Calculate
the maximum shear stress produced in the shaft material and the instantaneous angle of twist under these conditions.
Neglect the shaft inertia. For the shaft material G = 80 GN/m^2.

detect skin region for the input image, using the following condition for each pixel:

R > 95 and G > 40 and B>20 and max{R,G,B} - min{R,G,B} >15 and |R-G| > 15 and R>G and R>B

please solve the problem using matlab code

A shrink-fit process has been used to enhance the pressure carrying capacity of a cylinder. During the process, two concentric cylinders are shrunk fitted together to form a composite open-ended cylinder. Before the shrink-fit process, the inner cylinder has an inner radius of 50 mm and outer radius 75.025 mm, while the outer cylinder has an inner radius of 75 mm and outer radius of 150 mm. Both cylinders are made of steel with Young’s modulus E = 200 GPa, Poisson’s ratio  = 0.28, and yield stress Y = 600 MPa. Due to the shrink-fit process, an interface pressure (or shrink-fit pressure), Pc = 16.9 MPa, develops at the interface between the two cylinders

(b) After the shrink-fit process, the open-ended composite cylinder is to be used at an internal pressure Pi. What is the maximum internal pressure that can be applied to ensure simultaneous initiation of plastic yielding at the inner radii of the inner and outer cylinders? Assume Tresca yield criterion.

Question #1

C4H10O with a butanol combustion cycle (formation enthalpy-332,000 kJ / kmol)
25 per cent excess air (reagents at standard conditions T = 25 C, P = 1atm). Identify

-Air-fuel ratio

-fuel-to-air ratio

-Molar fractions of the product

-Adiabatic flame temperature

-If the products are produced at a temperature of 600 K, determine the heat generated in the product.
Chamber of combustion

Carry out the equipment and operating procedures between injection molding of thermoplastics and injection molding of thermosets(full detailed answer)

A stationary power plant operates on Brayton cycle has a pressure ratio of 8. The gas
temperature is 300 K at the compressor inlet and 1300 K at the turbine inlet. Assuming
a compressor efficiency of 80 percent and a turbine efficiency of 85 percent, determine:

1) the gas temperature at the exits of the compressor and the turbine,
2) the back work ratio,
3) the thermal efficiency of the cycle,
4) the thermal efficiency of the gas-turbine power plant as described above, if a
regenerator with effectiveness of 80% is installed. Explain your answer by
comparing it to answer iii) and show the process on a T-s diagram.

A double pane window consists of two pieces of glass each of 8 mm thick that enclose an air space of 8 mm thick. The window separates room air at 18°C from outside ambient air at -8°C. The convection coefficient associated with the inner (room-side) surface is 12W/m2 .K. The thermal conductivity of the glass is kg=1.35 W/m. K and that of the air is ka=0.027 W/m. K Q1- If the outside air convection coefficient is ho = 76 W/m2 .K what is the heat loss through a window that is 0.8 m long by 0.5 m wide? Neglecting radiation and assume the air enclosed between the panes to be stagnant. Q2- We consider now that the heat transfer in the air gap is transferred by conduction and radiation and that the radiation coefficient hrad = 3 W/m2 K . Show the thermal circuit representing the steady state situation and define the new heat transfer loss through the window

A steam turbine receives 8 kg/s of steam at 9 MPa, 650 C and 60 m/s (pressure, temperature and velocity). It discharges liquid-vapor mixture with a quality of 0.94 at a pressure of 325 kPa and a velocity of 15 m/s. In addition, there is heat transfer from the turbine to the surroundings for 560 kW. Find the power produced by the turbine and express it in kW

Kindly answer the following short answers asap please.

1.What are the criteria for selecting offshore structures.

2.Define production packer. Draw a simple diagram that represents it

A single stage double acting air compressor delivers 15 m3/min. measured at 1.013 bar and temperature 270C and delivers at 7 bar. The conditions at the end of the suction stroke are pressure 0.98 bar and temperature 400C. The clearance volume is 4% of the swept volume and the stroke / bore ratio is 1.3/1, compressor runs at 992 rpm. Calculate the volumetric efficiency, cylinder dimensions, indicated power and isothermal efficiency of this compressor. Take the index of compression and expansion as 1.3, R= 0.587kJ/Kg-K.

b) Compare the payback period of PV and wind turbines.
c) Compare the Benefit/Cost ratio of PV and wind turbines.
d) Select one option (PV or turbine) for your site. Include an explanation of why you select that option.

Determine the correlation function of the square wave.

b) Determine the cross relationship functions of the triangular wave and the square wave.

c) Explain the random variable, statistical mean, time average, variance and moment concepts.

Methane gas enters a horizontal pipe with a thin wall of 25 cm diameter at a temperature of 309 C with 4.5 tons of mass flow per hour and exits at 289 C. The pipe is smooth and its length is 10 m and the ambient and environmental temperature is 25 C. Since the smear coefficient of the pipe surface is given as 0.8;

 a-) Indoor and outdoor convection coefficients (W / m2K),

b-) Heat loss from the pipe to the environment (W),

c-) The surface temperature of the pipe (C),

d-) Calculate the required fan control (W) and interpret the results.