Question

Using SHA 256 in Cryptool find the hash values (hash digests) for the following messages: (Show your work by capturing screen images)

1. Character 0 (note the word Character is not included)
2. Character 1 (note the word Character is not included)
3. Fort Valley State University is where talented students come simply for the opportunity to be brilliant. Located in the heart of Georgia, FVSU combines the personal attention and family feel of a small, private college with the resources and research found at large public universities. Located on the second largest acreage of any Georgia university, it is the only university in the world which at once is a University System of Georgia institution, a historically black university, and an 1890 land-grant institution, with a directive to use knowledge to improve the lives of students and non-students alike. Leveraging the reputation for excellence FVSU has built since 1895, the university is preparing students to embrace their genius as future global leaders and enabling discovery which will make real that only now imagined.
   That’s why our motto and tagline is “empower the possible.
4. Change the message in 3 by 1 bit and find the hash of it. You need to explain how you change the message by a single bit

Answer 1

Please find below the Hash Values generated using SHA 256 in Cryptool and their screenshots.

Message	SHA 256 Hash using Cryptool
0	5feceb66ffc86f38d952786c6d696c79c2dbc239dd4e91b46729d73a27fb57e9
1	6b86b273ff34fce19d6b804eff5a3f5747ada4eaa22f1d49c01e52ddb7875b4b
Fort Valley State University is where talented students come simply for the opportunity to be brilliant. Located in the heart of Georgia, FVSU combines the personal attention and family feel of a small, private college with the resources and research found at large public universities. Located on the second largest acreage of any Georgia university, it is the only university in the world which at once is a University System of Georgia institution, a historically black university, and an 1890 land-grant institution, with a directive to use knowledge to improve the lives of students and non-students alike. Leveraging the reputation for excellence FVSU has built since 1895, the university is preparing students to embrace their genius as future global leaders and enabling discovery which will make real that only now imagined.	86f784cbf178fcfbe78fff354669dd698ef5aca2d661e8d19e57c5f39b05195b
That’s why our motto and tagline is “empower the possible.	1441D23469DF916DEB03173750A7DC1E2A7831740BD14526165B96ADEC10A07C
Change Message by 1 bit	Binary representation of message is 01010100 01101000 01100001 01110100 11100010 10000000 10011001 01110011 01110111 01101000 01111001 01101111 01110101 01110010 01101101 01101111 01110100 01110100 01101111 01100001 01101110 01100100 01110100 01100001 01100111 01101100 01101001 01101110 01100101 01101001 01110011 11100010 10000000 10011100 01100101 01101101 01110000 01101111 01110111 01100101 01110010 01110100 01101000 01100101 01110000 01101111 01110011 01110011 01101001 01100010 01101100 01100101 00101110 Change the first bit from 0 to 1 New message becomes �hat’swhyourmottoandtaglineis“empowerthepossible. New SHA 256 Hash= D07455BBC045BD10E6E2F475504FC6F228A1EEA64091B7B7CD8EF2D99AEBD11A