Question

How do two solutes affect each other's solubility in a solvent (in details) ?

Answer 1

In general, Solubility is an ability of a substance to dissolve. In the process of dissolving, the substance which is being dissolved is called a solute and the substance in which the solute is dissolved is called a solvent. A mixture of solute and solvent is called a solution.The relation between the solute and solvent is very important in determining solubility. Strong solute-solvent attractions equate to greater solubility while weak solute-solvent attractions equate to lesser solubility.

CASE 1 (let one solute is polar and another is non polar present in the solution)

In turn, polar solutes tend to dissolve best in polar solvents like water while non-polar solutes tend to dissolve best in non-polar solvents alcohol,benzene etc. In the case of a polar solute and non-polar solvent (or vice versa), it tends to be insoluble or only soluble to a miniscule degree. A general rule to remember is, "Like dissolves like."

But both solute are present in polar sovent (suppose) . So equilibrium constant Ksp is shown for polar solute like salt which is soluble in water. Whereas the non polar solute with reamin constant its percentage as it is.

CASE 2(one is polar and one is non polar present in nonpolar solvent)

In this case the solubility of nonpolar solute is more than the polar solute..

CASE 3(both solute are nonpolar and present in polar solvent)

In this case no solubility found and rheir concentration will remain same.

CASE 4(both solute are nonpolar and present in non polar solvent)

In this case solubility found in greater extension and the value of Ksp is high.

CASE 5(both solute are polar and present in non polar solvent)

In this case no solubility found and rheir concentration will remain same.

CASE 6(both solute are polar and present in polar solvent)

In this case solubility found in greater extension and the value of Ksp is high.

The solubility of a gas in any solvent is increased as the pressure of the gas over the solvent increases. By contrast, the solubilities of solids and liquids are not appreciably affected by pressure where as the solubility of most solid solutes in water increases as the temperature of the solution.