Question

Briefly summarize the arguments of the social scientists:

Horace Miner

Richard Sosis

Audrey Richards

Victor Turner

(Subject is Anthropology)

Answer 1

Horace Miner : He studies and analyses the American rituals from an outsider point of view. He illustrates by demonstrating the 'attitudes of body'. Rituals are based on culture . The culture of a society differs from one community to another. This has entirely been talked about how Amercians view the cultural rituals .

He talks about the normal morning grooming rituals , that Americans experiences in daily life.

Richard Sosis : He studied the evolution of religion particularly focussing in ritual , magic and religious cognition, dynamics of the religious system. In order to study these traits , he analysed by working on cooperative fishers in Micronesia and also different communities in Israel.

In his Signalling theory of religion he states that , religious rituals and taboos help in promoting the intragroup cooperation , which he argues to be primary adaptive benefit of the religion.

Audrey Richards : Audrey was a social anthropologist . She argued that the social institutions are essentially set up to fulfil the important physiological end . The entire series of institutions and relationship are considered to be the nutritional system .

Victor Turner :Turner, referring to his theory of social drama argued that there are four phases of public action that lead towards a change :

a. Breach

b. Crisis

c. Redressive action

d. Reintegration