Question

 

15. Multiple-Answer with 4 correct answers Unloading of oxygen in metabolically active tissues is determined by what factors inside an animal that uses hemoglobin as a respiratory pigment?

A. occurrence of a pH that is higher in the tissue
B. partial pressure of oxygen (pO ) in the blood
C. level of free radicals produced by mitochondria
D. hydrogen ion and carbon dioxide concentration of the blood
E. capability of performing cutaneous gas exchange
F. presence of a higher temperature in the tissue
G. existence of a colder temperature in the tissue
H. affinity of the hemoglobin molecule for oxygen

16. Multiple-Choice with only one correct answer What unique function of bat wings in respiration is partly the cause of homeostasis being disrupted in hibernating bats infected with white nose fungus?

A. hemoglobin production
B. control of humidity in the cave
C. cutaneous gas exchange (CGE)
D. flight to capture prey
E. myoglobin storage

17. Multiple-Choice with only one correct answer What do countercurrent and crosscurrent mechanisms of respiratory gas exchange with blood have in common?

A. none of the answers listed
B. respiratory systems only use a countercurrent multiplication process for gas exchange
C. both use a unidirectional flow of air or water over respiratory blood capillaries to ensure that a steep oxygen diffusion gradient always occurs between the air or water and the blood
D. both use a bidirectional flow of air or water across capillaries in the respiratory organ to ensure that a steep oxygen diffusion gradient always occurs between the air or water and the blood
E. air or water flows through the respiratory organ in the same direction as that of blood in capillaries of the respiratory organ to ensure that a steep oxygen diffusion gradient always occurs between the air or water and the blood

Answer 1

15) unloading of oxygen means oxygen dissociation with haemoglobin at tissue level : - partial pressure of oxygen in blood decrease so,less oxygen available to bind with hameoglobin and free oxygen level increases.

C) level of free radicle produced by mithocondria increases in oxygen stress conditions .

D) Hydrogen ion and carbon dioxide concentration in blood is high .so,more Carbon dioxide available to bind with haemoglobin.

F) presence of higher temperature in tissue ,due to higher temperature metabolic rate will be faster more Carbon dioxide produced and high oxygen will be consumed .Due to this ,oxygen unloading will occur

16)A ) Haemoglobin production. white nose fungus syndrome cause : electrolyte depletion ,disrupted acid base balance,increase haematocrit,lower Carbon dioxide partial pressure, hypovolemia.

17) D) iboth use bidirectional flow of air or water across across capillary in respiratory system.In cross current mechanism air and blood capillaries are right angle to each other ,this type of gaseous exchange is occur in avian respiratory system. In counter current mechanism air and blood capillaries are parallel to each other.And direction of flow is opposite to each other.