Problem 12-07
Forecasted Statements and Ratios

Upton Computers makes bulk purchases of small computers, stocks them in conveniently located warehouses, ships them to its chain of retail stores, and has a staff to advise customers and help them set up their new computers. Upton's balance sheet as of December 31, 2016, is shown here (millions of dollars):

Sales for 2016 were $450 million and net income for the year was $13.5 million, so the firm's profit margin was 3.0%. Upton paid dividends of $5.4 million to common stockholders, so its payout ratio was 40%. Its tax rate was 40%, and it operated at full capacity. Assume that all assets/sales ratios, (spontaneous liabilities)/sales ratios, the profit margin, and the payout ratio remain constant in 2017. Do not round intermediate calculations.

1. If sales are projected to increase by $50 million, or 11.11%, during 2017, use the AFN equation to determine Upton's projected external capital requirements. Enter your answer in millions. For example, an answer of $1.2 million should be entered as 1.2, not 1,200,000. Round your answer to two decimal places.
   $ million
   
2. Using the AFN equation, determine Upton's self-supporting growth rate. That is, what is the maximum growth rate the firm can achieve without having to employ nonspontaneous external funds? Round your answer to two decimal places.
   %
   
3. Use the forecasted financial statement method to forecast Upton's balance sheet for December 31, 2017. Assume that all additional external capital is raised as a line of credit at the end of the year and is reflected (because the debt is added at the end of the year, there will be no additional interest expense due to the new debt).
   Assume Upton's profit margin and dividend payout ratio will be the same in 2017 as they were in 2016. What is the amount of the line of credit reported on the 2017 forecasted balance sheets? (Hint: You don't need to forecast the income statements because the line of credit is taken out on last day of the year and you are given the projected sales, profit margin, and dividend payout ratio; these figures allow you to calculate the 2017 addition to retained earnings for the balance sheet without actually constructing a full income statement.) Round your answers to the nearest cent.

   Upton Computers Pro Forma Balance Sheet December 31, 2017 (Millions of Dollars)
   Cash	$
   Receivables	$
   Inventories	$
   Total current assets	$
   Net fixed assets	$
   Total assets	$
   Accounts payable	$
   Notes payable	$
   Line of credit	$
   Accruals	$
   Total current liabilities	$
   Mortgage loan	$
   Common stock	$
   Retained earnings	$
   Total liabilities and equity	$

Flo's Frozen Yogurt shop is evaluating new dispensing machines.

The Flownator has a first cost of $31665 and annual expenses of $9985 that will increase by $402 per year. It will require an overhaul at the end of year 5 at a cost of $5098. The Flownator will save $19666 per year in labor costs. The Flownator has a salvage value of $9706 and a lifespan of 11 years.

The YogGoo300 has a first cost of $22414 and annual expenses of $3837 that will increase by 3% per year. The YogGoo300 will save Flo's $10246 per year in labor costs. The YogGoo300 has a lifespan of 5 years.

What must the salvage value of the YogGoo30 be to make it equally desirable to the Flownator? Use a MARR of 3% to make your calculation.

1) How does a CMO differ from a CDO?

2) What does a CDO offer to someone with credit risk from lending that is not available otherwise.

Please provide a well-written/detailed answer for both please!

WRITE A RESPONSE TO THE FOLLOWING

BlackRock lowered its global growth outlook, based on expectations that trade and geopolitical frictions will continue. The outlook for U.S stocks remains positive, and the firm upgraded European stocks from negative to neutral. Bolvin believes that tariffs are making costs higher for corporations and forcing some companies to change their supply chains altogether. The U.S economy is adjusted for a lowered pace of growth, at about 1.8% in the second half of the year. The firm said central banks are responding to the weaker outlook, and are loosening policy, creating a constructive environment for U.S. and European stocks. The firm said central banks are responding to the weaker outlook, and are loosening policy, creating a constructive environment for U.S. and European stocks. This outlook weakens the economy as a result of the geopolitical and trade frictions. In turn it has increases the potential for easier policy by central banks, including the Federal Reserve and European Central Bank. Bolvin, head of the BlackRock Investment Institute, states “China has become less positive , as a result we were expecting in Europe is not in the cards anymore. It is a downgrade in the broader global picture, and it is directly driven by European and China view.” The firm believes that it is risky but central banks are providing a backstop. BlackRock upgraded emerging market debt but no longer favors emerging market equities, lowering them to neutral from overweight as the outlook for global growth dimmed. The BlackRock investment Institute has downgraded its global growth outlook for the second half, and while it is still sees a good environment for U.S. stocks, it no longer favors market equities. There is a lowered risk of recession, based on that the market looks constructive for the next few months. For that reason, inflation could be a surprise the markets aren’t expecting, at some point after this year.

A local machine shop is requesting a $50,000 5 year term loan to purchase a piece of equipment for its operation. What financial information would you, as the credit analyst, require the commercial loan officer to obtain from the business in order for you to analyze the request?

Consider the following information on Huntington Power Co.

Debt: 4,000, 7% semiannual coupon bonds outstanding, $1,000 par value, 18 years to maturity, selling for 102 percent of par; the bonds make semiannual payments.

Preferred Stock: 10,000 outstanding with par value of $100 and a market value of 105 and $10 annual dividend.

Common Stock: 84,000 shares outstanding, selling for $56 per share, the beta is 2.08

The market risk premium is 5.5%, the risk free rate is 3.5% and Huntington’s tax rate is 32%.

Huntington Power Co. is evaluating two mutually exclusive project that is somewhat riskier than the usual project the firm undertakes; management uses the subjective approach and decided to apply an adjustment factor of +2.1% to the cost of capital for both projects.

Project A is a five-year project that requires an initial fixed asset investment of $2.4 million. The fixed asset falls into the five-year MACRS class. The project is estimated to generate $2,050,000 in annual sales, with costs of $950,000. The project requires an initial investment in net working capital of $285,000 and the fixed asset will have a market value of $225,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Project B requires an initial fixed asset investment of $1.0 million. The marketing department predicts that sales related to the project will be $920,000 per year for the next five years, after which the market will cease to exist. The machine will be depreciated down to zero over four-year using the straight-line method (depreciable life 4 years while economic life 5 years). Cost of goods sold and operating expenses related to the project are predicted to be 25 percent of sales. The project will also require an addition to net working capital of $150,000 immediately. The asset is expected to have a market value of $120,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Use the following rates for 5-year MACRS: 20%, 32%, 19.2%, 11.52%, 11.52%, and 5.76%

Please show your work.

1. Calculate project B’s cash flows for year 0-5

Consider the following information on Huntington Power Co.

Debt: 4,000, 7% semiannual coupon bonds outstanding, $1,000 par value, 18 years to maturity, selling for 102 percent of par; the bonds make semiannual payments.

Preferred Stock: 10,000 outstanding with par value of $100 and a market value of 105 and $10 annual dividend.

Common Stock: 84,000 shares outstanding, selling for $56 per share, the beta is 2.08

The market risk premium is 5.5%, the risk free rate is 3.5% and Huntington’s tax rate is 32%.

Huntington Power Co. is evaluating two mutually exclusive project that is somewhat riskier than the usual project the firm undertakes; management uses the subjective approach and decided to apply an adjustment factor of +2.1% to the cost of capital for both projects.

Project A is a five-year project that requires an initial fixed asset investment of $2.4 million. The fixed asset falls into the five-year MACRS class. The project is estimated to generate $2,050,000 in annual sales, with costs of $950,000. The project requires an initial investment in net working capital of $285,000 and the fixed asset will have a market value of $225,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Project B requires an initial fixed asset investment of $1.0 million. The marketing department predicts that sales related to the project will be $920,000 per year for the next five years, after which the market will cease to exist. The machine will be depreciated down to zero over four-year using the straight-line method (depreciable life 4 years while economic life 5 years). Cost of goods sold and operating expenses related to the project are predicted to be 25 percent of sales. The project will also require an addition to net working capital of $150,000 immediately. The asset is expected to have a market value of $120,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Use the following rates for 5-year MACRS: 20%, 32%, 19.2%, 11.52%, 11.52%, and 5.76%

Please show your work.

1. What is the appropriate discount rate for project A and project B (Risk adjusted rate)?

2. Calculate project A’s cash flows for years 0-5

Consider the following information on Huntington Power Co.

Debt: 4,000, 7% semiannual coupon bonds outstanding, $1,000 par value, 18 years to maturity, selling for 102 percent of par; the bonds make semiannual payments.

Preferred Stock: 10,000 outstanding with par value of $100 and a market value of 105 and $10 annual dividend.

Common Stock: 84,000 shares outstanding, selling for $56 per share, the beta is 2.08

The market risk premium is 5.5%, the risk free rate is 3.5% and Huntington’s tax rate is 32%.

Huntington Power Co. is evaluating two mutually exclusive project that is somewhat riskier than the usual project the firm undertakes; management uses the subjective approach and decided to apply an adjustment factor of +2.1% to the cost of capital for both projects.

Project A is a five-year project that requires an initial fixed asset investment of $2.4 million. The fixed asset falls into the five-year MACRS class. The project is estimated to generate $2,050,000 in annual sales, with costs of $950,000. The project requires an initial investment in net working capital of $285,000 and the fixed asset will have a market value of $225,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Project B requires an initial fixed asset investment of $1.0 million. The marketing department predicts that sales related to the project will be $920,000 per year for the next five years, after which the market will cease to exist. The machine will be depreciated down to zero over four-year using the straight-line method (depreciable life 4 years while economic life 5 years). Cost of goods sold and operating expenses related to the project are predicted to be 25 percent of sales. The project will also require an addition to net working capital of $150,000 immediately. The asset is expected to have a market value of $120,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Use the following rates for 5-year MACRS: 20%, 32%, 19.2%, 11.52%, 11.52%, and 5.76%

1. Calculate NPV, IRR and PI for project B

Consider the following information on Huntington Power Co.

Debt: 4,000, 7% semiannual coupon bonds outstanding, $1,000 par value, 18 years to maturity, selling for 102 percent of par; the bonds make semiannual payments.

Preferred Stock: 10,000 outstanding with par value of $100 and a market value of 105 and $10 annual dividend.

Common Stock: 84,000 shares outstanding, selling for $56 per share, the beta is 2.08

The market risk premium is 5.5%, the risk free rate is 3.5% and Huntington’s tax rate is 32%.

Huntington Power Co. is evaluating two mutually exclusive project that is somewhat riskier than the usual project the firm undertakes; management uses the subjective approach and decided to apply an adjustment factor of +2.1% to the cost of capital for both projects.

Project A is a five-year project that requires an initial fixed asset investment of $2.4 million. The fixed asset falls into the five-year MACRS class. The project is estimated to generate $2,050,000 in annual sales, with costs of $950,000. The project requires an initial investment in net working capital of $285,000 and the fixed asset will have a market value of $225,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Project B requires an initial fixed asset investment of $1.0 million. The marketing department predicts that sales related to the project will be $920,000 per year for the next five years, after which the market will cease to exist. The machine will be depreciated down to zero over four-year using the straight-line method (depreciable life 4 years while economic life 5 years). Cost of goods sold and operating expenses related to the project are predicted to be 25 percent of sales. The project will also require an addition to net working capital of $150,000 immediately. The asset is expected to have a market value of $120,000 at the end of five years when the project is terminated.

Use the following rates for 5-year MACRS: 20%, 32%, 19.2%, 11.52%, 11.52%, and 5.76%

Please show your work.

1. Calculate NPV, IRR and PI for project A

Barrison is investigating the possible acquisition of Soulmaster. The two firms have the following basic data:

                                                                  Barrison                     Soulmaster

      Number of shares                             3,000,000                   1,200,000

      Current stock price                           $75.00                        $25.00

The combined firm will result in a synergy gains of $15m.

a.         What is the value of of the combined firm?

b.         What is the NPV of acquisition if Barrison pays $30 in cash for each share of Soulmaster?

c.         What is the NPV of the acquisition if Barrison offers one share of Barrison for every two shares of Soulmaster?

Palencia Paints Corporation has a target capital structure of 35% debt and 65% common equity, with no preferred stock. Its before-tax cost of debt is 9%, and its marginal tax rate is 40%. The current stock price is P₀ = $21.50. The last dividend was D₀ = $2.00, and it is expected to grow at a 6% constant rate. What is its cost of common equity and its WACC? Round your answers to two decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

1. r_s = _______ %
2. WACC = ________ %

Suppose you are given the following two projects A and B with the cash flows below, if the cost of capital is 10%, what is the Profitability Index (PI) of projects A and B?

Aria Acoustics, Inc. (AAI), projects unit sales for a new seven-octave voice emulation implant as follows:

Production of the implants will require $1,600,000 in net working capital to start and additional net working capital investments each year equal to 15 percent of the projected sales increase for the following year. Total fixed costs are $3,400,000 per year, variable production costs are $257 per unit, and the units are priced at $381 each. The equipment needed to begin production has an installed cost of $16,900,000. Because the implants are intended for professional singers, this equipment is considered industrial machinery and thus qualifies as seven-year MACRS property. In five years, this equipment can be sold for about 20 percent of its acquisition cost. The tax rate is 22 percent the required return is 14 percent.

The MACRS schedule:

a.) What is the NPV of the project?

b.)What is the IRR?

A company is considering replacing one of the old machines used in the manufacturing process. The machine was purchased 2 years ago for $600,000. This machine is being depreciated on a straight-line basis, and it has 4 years of remaining life. When this machine was purchased 2 years ago, it was assumed to have zero salvage value at the end of its useful life of 6 years. Currently, this machine has a market value of $250,000. The company intends to keep this old machine as spare if the replacement happens. The current revenue generated by this machine is $250,000 annually and the cost of operating the machine is $175,000 annually.

The replacement machine will cost of $750,000 and $50,000 for shipping and transportation to the company’s location. The new machine falls into 3-year MACRS (33%, 45%, 15% and 7%). The replacement machine would permit an output expansion, so sales will become $450,000 per year. Even so, the new machine's greater efficiency would cause operating expenses to become $95,000 per year. The new machine would require inventories be increased by $65,000, but accounts payable would simultaneously increase by $10,000. The replacement project life is 4 years. The new machine can be sold at the end of the project’s life for $50,000 while the old machine will not have any value at the end of the 4^th year. The company’s marginal federal-plus-state tax rate is 40%, and its cost of capital is 12%.

What is cash flow CF1 to be used in NPV calculations?

What is the “cornerstone” of the appraisal process