GM, Ford, and Tesla are automobile companies. Or are they? Explain how valuing Tesla and Ford may differ from valuing GM? Which stock is the most expensive? How did you determine which company was the most expensive? Do you think intangible assets are a larger share of total company assets today than 3-4 decades ago? How has this change made the valuation of business more difficult or easier? How could or would you measure intangible assets of a publicly listed firm? What type of companies have a large share of their assets tied up in intangibles (e.g. manufacturing, retailers, etc.). Explain why this is likely the case.

Rounding in the calculation of monthly interest rates is discouraged. Such rounding can lead to answers different from those presented here. For long-term loans, the differences may be pronounced. Assume that you take out a $2000 loan for 30 months at 9.5% APR. What is the monthly payment? What is the first month interest?

1. A firm is solely financed by equity with market value of $50,000 and cost of equity of 10%. It wishes to raise another $50,000 via corporate bonds with cost of debt of 5% and keep it as cash. Hold investment policies fixed.
   1. In a MM world without taxes,
      1. What would the firm value be after debt issuance in a? Firm Value = Equity Value + Debt Value – Cash.
      2. What would be the cost of equity after debt is raised?
      3. What would be the WACC after debt is raised?
   2. In a MM world with taxes of 40%,
      1. What would be the cost of equity after debt is raised?
      2. What would be the additional value created by debt?
      3. What would be the WACC after debt is raised?

1. Lawson is a U.K- based wine and spirits company. It seeks to create a fine wine division to enhance its portfolio of global properties. The CFO is scrutinizing a proposal to make an investment in a vineyard in Chile. It requires the purchase of 20 acres of vineyards in the Maipo valley and setting up the requisite infrastructure for processing grapes and bottling wine. The project is expected to last five years, after which an exit through its sale to a local affiliate is assumed. The following table lists the cash flows denominated in the Chilean peso (CLP). Assume spot GBPCLP = 600

a. The appropriate CLP discount rate for projects of this nature is 15 percent. What is project NPV in CLP?

   b. Assume that GBPCLP remains constant at 600. Convert project cash flows into GBP (pounds). Using Lawson’s GBP WACC of 10 percent, calculate the project NPV in GBP.

Please show work and formulas used. Than You!

XCo has 400 shares outstanding. It earns $1,000 per year and will use all $1,000 to repurchase its shares in the open market rather than pay dividends, required return = 10%. how many shares will be outstanding at the end of year 1, after the first share repurchase.

A) 393.9

B) 383.8

C) 373.7

D) 363.6

E) 353.5

Over the years we have seen large changes in US federal income tax rates, with the highest marginal rates falling from 70% to under 40% today. Describe the impact of this change on the spread between US Treasury bonds and municipal bonds.

You are considering making a movie. The movie is expected to cost $10.3 million up front and take a year to produce. After​ that, it is expected to make $4.6 million in the year it is released and $1.9 million for the following four years. What is the payback period of this​ investment? If you require a payback period of two​ years, will you make the​ movie? Does the movie have positive NPV if the cost of capital is 10.9%​?

The company provides a reconciliation of the $5.66 EPS figures to the income statement’s reported EPS figure of $8.78. Also referred to as “Core EPS” in a PepsiCo-related press release, this figure, $5.66, is a non-GAAP financial measure many companies choose to report. What does a non-GAAP financial measure mean? What does the terminology “core” suggest to you? What is the reason that many companies provide non-GAAP financial information in their financial reports?

The Campbell Company is considering adding a robotic paint sprayer to its production line. The sprayer's base price is $1,000,000, and it would cost another $17,500 to install it. The machine falls into the MACRS 3-year class (the applicable MACRS depreciation rates are 33.33%, 44.45%, 14.81%, and 7.41%), and it would be sold after 3 years for $597,000. The machine would require an increase in net working capital (inventory) of $11,500. The sprayer would not change revenues, but it is expected to save the firm $356,000 per year in before-tax operating costs, mainly labor. Campbell's marginal tax rate is 30%.

1. What is the Year 0 net cash flow?
   $
2. 
   
3. 
   
4. 
   
5. What are the net operating cash flows in Years 1, 2, and 3? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest dollar.

   Year 1	$
   Year 2	$
   Year 3	$

6. 
   
7. What is the additional Year 3 cash flow (i.e, the after-tax salvage and the return of working capital)? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
   $
8. 
   
9. 
   
10. 
    
11. If the project's cost of capital is 10 %, what is the NPV of the project? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
    $

Consider a 1-year option with exercise price $100 on a stock with annual standard deviation 15%. The T-bill rate is 2% per year. Find N(d1) for stock prices (a) $95, (b) $100, and (c) $105. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 4 decimal places.)

Carlsbad Corporation's sales are expected to increase from $5 million in 2019 to $6 million in 2020, or by 20%. Its assets totaled $4 million at the end of 2019. Carlsbad is at full capacity, so its assets must grow in proportion to projected sales. At the end of 2019, current liabilities are $1 million, consisting of $250,000 of accounts payable, $500,000 of notes payable, and $250,000 of accrued liabilities. Its profit margin is forecasted to be 7%.

1. Assume that the company pays no dividends. Use the AFN equation to forecast the additional funds Carlsbad will need for the coming year. Write out your answer completely. For example, 5 million should be entered as 5,000,000. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
   $  
2. 
   
3. Why is this AFN different from the one when the company pays dividends?
   
   1. Under this scenario the company would have a higher level of spontaneous liabilities, which would reduce the amount of additional funds needed.
   2. Under this scenario the company would have a lower level of retained earnings, which would increase the amount of additional funds needed.
   3. Under this scenario the company would have a lower level of retained earnings, which would decrease the amount of additional funds needed.
   4. Under this scenario the company would have a higher level of retained earnings, which would reduce the amount of additional funds needed.
   5. Under this scenario the company would have a higher level of retained earnings, which would reduce the amount of assets needed.

A portfolio has 20% of its funds invested in Security A, 75% of its funds invested in Security B, and 5% invested in the risk free asset. The risk-free asset earns 4%. Security A has an expected return of 8% and a standard deviation of 18%. Security B has an expected return of 10% and a standard deviation of 22%. Securities A and B have a coefficient of correlation of 0.60.

This single question has two parts (below)

I am overwhelmed with this 2 part question please provide detailed instruction. typed out formulas are preferred, and if you have to use excel, please explain the excel process. No financial calculator please.

What is the standard deviation of the portfolio?

What is the expected return of the portfolio?