Question

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Balance Sheet- Richard called and said that he had compiled a list of assets and would...

Balance Sheet- Richard called and said that he had compiled a list of assets and would send it. It came a few days later. His assets included a home worth $300,000, approximately $350,000 in securities, two cars worth $40,000 with loans of $15,000 against them, and other assets including jewelry (worth $5,000), art ($5,000), and furniture ($7,000). Richard and his wife had money market funds of $2,000, a bonus due of $5,000 net of taxes, and credit card payments due of $12,000. Their house had a $130,000 mortgage.  He said to assume that his salary will rise 6 percent a year, and his investment income is 11 percent a year (the investment loss came a year ago). His expenses should rise 3 percent a year except for medical, which will grow at a rate of 6 percent yearly, and taxes, which will grow at about 7 percent a year.

Cash Flow- Richard said he was not worried about the losses taken. He would make them up, but Monica insisted that they save additional monies. He wanted to know what I recommended to help him save. He said he knew Monica was secretly putting away part of her household money into an account in her own name. Richard came in with his cash flow statistics below.

Inflows ($)

Outflows ($)

Salary

100,000

Mortgage & Home Maintenance

20,000

Investment Income

8,000

Food

5,000

Clothing

8,000

Health Care

6,000

Transportation

2,000

Personal

3,000

Recreation

4,000

Cars, Entertainment

9,000

Hobby

1,000

Gifts & Charity

2,000

Insurance

6,000

Taxes

26,000

Debt- Richard and Monica have diametrically opposite points of view on debt. Richard views debt as an opportunity to generate cash to make up for past investment losses. He has asked you whether he should remortgage his house and place the proceeds in the stock market. He says the present time may be appropriate to refinance because market rates for mortgage loans of 6.5 percent are well below his mortgage rate of 8 percent. He wants to use an adjustable rate that provides an even lower 4 percent rate for the first year with rates thereafter 2 percent above the five-year Treasury rate.

Richard wants a 30-year mortgage because he said he doesn’t expect “to go anywhere” and the annual repayments would be low. He said he was thinking about buying a new car. While the existing one worked well, he was tired of it. If cash flows get tight, he isn’t at all averse to using credit card debt. He says that whereas credit card rates are high, the overall impact is not great and “people manage to pay money back.” Monica has listened quietly to Richard with a pained expression on her face, occasionally shaking her head. She says she is afraid of taking on more debt and wants a budget to limit spending of all types.

Case Application Questions:

1. Construct the balance sheet.

2. Would you tell Richard and Monica that it was strong? Why?

3. Complete the balance sheet section of the plan.

4. What recommendations would you have to help them save more?

5. Construct their cash flow statement for this year and the next two years.

6. What do the future cash flow figures indicate?

7. Complete the cash flow section of the plan.

8. What do you think of Richard’s idea of borrowing to place money in the stock market?

9. Do you think the couple should refinance their mortgage?

10. Complete the debt and future budgeting part of the plan.

Solutions

Expert Solution

(i) Current status through balance sheet

Liabilities amount assets amount
Mortgage (against house) 130000 house 300000
Loan Against cars 15000 2 cars 40000
credit card payment dues 12000 securities 350000
Proprietory fund 557000 jewelery 5000
art 5000
Furniture 7000
Money mkt fund 2000
bonus due to receive 5000
Total 714000 Total 714000

ii) yes, this is a strong balance sheet as we have less amount of mortgage in comparison of assets.

iv) we can refinance our loan as we all know option 1. there is less interest will be charged i.e 6.5% in comparison to what we are paying i.e 8%, through this we can save approx 1.5% of loan principal amount and we have 2nd option that to use adjustable rate i.e floating rate it can be bit risky beacuse it is going to be change every time as that is lower as 4% in first year and thereafter 2% above of 5 year treasury rate. as treasury rate is not given we will assumed it 3%. so, the best option among fixed and floatation rate is floatation rate because it will allow less cash outflow.

(v)

Inflow current year 1st year next year
Salary 100000 106000 112360
Investment income 8000 8880 9857
Total inflow 108000 114880 122217
Outflow
Mortgage and home maintenance 20000 20600 21218
food 5000 5150 5305
clothing 8000 8240 8487
healthcare 6000 6360 6742
Transportation 2000 2060 2122
Personal 3000 3090 3183
recreation 4000 4120 4243
car, entertainemnt 9000 9270 9548
hobby 1000 1030 1061
gift and charity 2000 2060 2121
insurance 6000 6180 6365
taxed 26000 27820 28654
total 92000 95980 99050

(vi) There is increasing trend in cash flow as we can see salary is increasing by 6% p.a and investment income is 11% which is higher than the expense rate increasing trend i.e most of expenses are increasing annualy 3% except medical which is 6% and taxes which is 7%. so therefore because of this there is positive trends.

(vii) if he remortgage loan and invest that money is stock market. And the remortgage is for 30 years. - we can do so also as we are seeing that investment income having increasing trend in income of 11% but as stock market is volatile in nature we can not assure that this trend is going for long period and it is also mentioned that the emi is going to be low as the loan period is for 30 year. therefore richard idea of borrowing to place in stock market is viable, but he has to keep himself update for the changes going in market so that in any adverse market situation he will be able to minimize his losses as much as possible.

(ix) refinancing option is also viable as above mentioned


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