Question

An IPv4 Layer 3 router that uses 32-bit host addresses has four output interfaces, which are numbered 0 through 3. Packets are forwarded to the link interfaces using the following rules:

Destination Address Range   Output Link Interface
00000010 00000000 00000000 00000000
through
00000010 00011111 11111111 11111111   0
00000010 00100000 00000000 00000000
through
00000010 00100001 11111111 11111111   1
00000010 01000010 00000000 00000000
through
00000010 01000011 11111111 11111111   2
all other addresses 3

a. Construct a forwarding table that has no more than five entries and uses longest prefix matching.

b. Describe how your forwarding table determines the appropriate link interface
For the following incoming datagram destination addresses, describe which rule is used, and to which port interface the datagram is forwarded:
i) 00000010 00001000 11000011 00111100 (binary octets)
ii) 00000010 00001000 11000011 00111100 (binary octets)
iii) 10.0.3.1 (base-10 octets)
iv) 2.65.3.41 (base-10 octets)
v) 2.34.225.200 (base-10 octets)

Answer 1

Destination Address Range Output Link Interface
00000010 00000000 00000000 00000000
through
00000010 00011111 11111111 11111111 0

00000010 00100000 00000000 00000000
through
00000010 00100001 11111111 11111111 1

00000010 01000010 00000000 00000000
through
00000010 01000011 11111111 11111111 2
all other addresses 3

2.0.0.0 to 2.31.255.255 0
2.32.0.0 to 2.33.255.255 1
2.66.0.0 to 2.67.255.255 2
0.0.0.0 to 0.0.0.0 3

Answer 1
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2.8.195.60 this packet will be forwareded to interface 0 because range of interface 0 is 2.0.0.0 to 2.31.255.255 and our packet ip is 2.8 which is fall in between this range

Answer 2
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2.8.195.60 , same as above answer

Answer 3
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10.0.3.1 (base-10 octets), this ip will be forward to interface 3 becuase there is no mathing series in between this ip fall

Answer 4
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2.65.3.41 (base-10 octets), this ip will be forward to interface 3 becuase there is no mathing series in between this ip fall as interface 2 range is just start after this ip 2.66 and we need 2.65

Answer 5
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2.34.225.200 (base-10 octets), this ip will be forward to interface 3 becuase there is no mathing series in between this ip fall and if you see range of interface 1 is 2.32.0.0 to 2.33.255.255 and our ip is 2.34 which is not related to that so it will be thrown to default interface 3

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