Question

which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of copper?

a) Cu ⁺ (g) + e- ---> Cu²⁺ (g)-

b)Cu (g) ---> Cu ⁺ (g) + e-

c) Cu⁺ (g) ---> Cu²⁺ (g) + e-

d) Cu ^- (g) + e- ---> Cu^2- (g)

e) Cu⁺ (g) + e- ---> Cu (g)

I have the answers i just don't understand hoe to do it. please explain step by step. thank you!

Answer 1

Cu+(g)→Cu2+(g)+e−

This is a little of theory

Understanding Ionization Energy

Ionization energy increases moving from left to right on the periodic table, a table of the elements. The energy decreases moving from top to bottom on the periodic table.

Ionization of energy must be calculated for each ion on the periodic table. As such, to understand ionization of energy, it is helpful to understand the equations that are used in calculating the quantity of energy necessary to expel electrons.

The basic equation for ionization energy is:

X → X+ + e-

The amount of energy necessary changes each time an electron is let go, since it becomes more difficult to remove electrons after one or more has already been removed from the atom or molecule. Therefore, the equation changes.

The different equations are as follows:

• 1st ionization energy equation

X → X+ + e-

• 2nd ionization energy equation

X+ → X2+ + e-