In: Statistics and Probability
1. Commute times in the U.S. are heavily skewed to the right. We select a random sample of 240 people from the 2000 U.S. Census who reported a non-zero commute time. In this sample the mean commute time is 28.9 minutes with a standard deviation of 19.0 minutes. Can we conclude from this data that the mean commute time in the U.S. is less than half an hour? Conduct a hypothesis test at the 5% level of significance. What is the p -value for this hypothesis test?
2.A medical researcher is studying the effects of a drug on blood pressure. Subjects in the study have their blood pressure taken at the beginning of the study. After being on the medication for 4 weeks, their blood pressure is taken again. The change in blood pressure is recorded and used in doing the hypothesis test. Change: Final Blood Pressure - Initial Blood Pressure The researcher wants to know if there is evidence that the drug increases blood pressure. At the end of 4 weeks, 34 subjects in the study had an average change in blood pressure of 2.5 with a standard deviation of 5.1. Find the p -value for the hypothesis test.
3.Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS) has been collecting data about expectant mothers in Oakland, CA since 1959. One of the measurements taken by CHDS is the weight increase (in pounds) for expectant mothers in the second trimester. In a fictitious study, suppose that CHDS finds the average weight increase in the second trimester is 14 pounds. Suppose also that, in 2015, a random sample of 43 expectant mothers have mean weight increase of 16.2 pounds in the second trimester, with a standard deviation of 5.7 pounds. A hypothesis test is done to see if there is evidence that weight increase in the second trimester is greater than 14 pounds. Find the p -value for the hypothesis test.