A drop of oil on a pond appears dark at its edges where its thickness is...

A drop of oil on a pond appears dark at its edges where its thickness is much less than the wavelengths of visible light. What can you say about the index of refraction of the oil compared to that of water?

Expert Solution

As the drop of oil appears dark at its edges, it means light undergoes destructive interference at the edges of oil drop. As the thickness is much less than the wavelengths of light, the path difference between the reflected rays from top and bottom surface of the oil drop will be negligible. Hence, if destructive interference takes place, it means there is a phase difference of 180 degree between the light reflected from top and bottom surface of the oil drop.

On the top surface (air-oil surface) light is travelling from a rarer medium to denser medium and hence there will be a phase difference of 180 degree. Therefore, the no phase difference occurs at the bottom surface (oil-water surface). ie, light is travelling from a denser medium to a rarer medium, and undergoes no phase difference, where oil is the denser medium and water is the rarer medium. So, the refractive index of oil is greater than that of water.

genius_generous answered 2 years ago

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