Question

22. a) What is alphanumeric information?

>>>

b) Explain how many bytes it will take to transmit “Go team” without the quotation marks.

>>>

c) Explain how many bytes it will take to transmit “Hello World!” without the quotation marks.

>>>

d) Go to a search engine and find a converter to represent characters in ASCII. What are the 7-bit ASCII codes for “Hello world!” without the quotation marks? (Check: H is 1001000.) Show this in a table with two columns. The first will show letters or other keyboard characters. The second will show the ASCII code for that character.

Letter	ASCII
H	1001000

Thought Questions from Chapter 2

2-1. How do you think TCP would handle the problem if an acknowledgment were lost, so that the sender retransmitted the unacknowledged TCP segment, therefore causing the receiving transport process to receive the same segment twice?
>>>

2-2. Compute the minimum number of TCP segments required to open a connection, send an HTTP request and response message, and close the connection. Justify this number by creating a table showing each message and its sequence number. (Hint: Do the table in Excel and paste it into your homework document.)

2-5. Do the following without using a calculator or computer, but check your answers with a calculator or a computer. a) Convert 6 to binary.
>>>
b) Convert 47 to binary.
>>>
c) Convert 100 to binary.
>>>
d) Convert 110100 to decimal.
>>>
e). Convert 001100 to decimal.
>>>

2-7. a) The port number fields in TCP and UDP are 16 bits long. How many port numbers can they represent?
>>>
b) In IP, the Time to Live Field is 8 bits in size. How many values can it represent?
>>>
c) How many values can a flag field represent?
>>>

Answer 1

a) What is alphanumeric information?

Answer) Alphabets: A, B, C, D … Z

Numbers: 0, 1, 2, …..9

Alphanumeric: is combination Alphabets and Numbers such as “abc123”, “02356hjk”, “BCFD956” etc. Computer Keyboard is an example of Alphanumeric keyboard.

b) Explain how many bytes it will take to transmit “Go team” without the quotation marks.

Answer) Without quotations the data is Go team: Go team contains a total of 7 letters those are: G, o, space, t, e, a, m.

For each letter to transmit it will take 1 byte. So a total of 7 Bytes are needed to transmit the Go team.

c) Explain how many bytes it will take to transmit “Hello World!” without the quotation marks.

Answer) Without quotations the data is Hello World!: Hello World! contains a total 12 letters those are: H, e, l, l, o, space, W, o, r, l, d.

For each letter to transmit it will take 1 byte. So a total of 12 Bytes are needed to transmit the Go team.

d) Hello World! in ASCII.

Letter	ASCII
H	01001000
e	01100101
l	01101100
l	01101100
o	01101111
space	00100000
W	01010111
o	01101111
r	01110010
l	01101100
d	01100100
!	00100001

2-5)

a) Convert 6 to binary.

Division by 2	Quotient	Reminder	Bit position
6/2	3	0	0
3/2	1	1	1
1/2	0	1	2

(6)₁₀ = (110)₂

b) Convert 47 to binary.

Division by 2	Quotient	Reminder	Bit position
47/2	23	1	0
23/2	11	1	1
11/2	5	1	2
5/2	2	1	3
2/2	1	0	4
1/2	0	1	5

(47)₁₀ = (101111)₂

c) Convert 100 to binary.

Division by 2	Quotient	Reminder	Bit position
100/2	50	0	0
50/2	25	0	1
25/2	12	1	2
12/2	6	0	3
6/2	3	0	4
3/2	1	1	5
1/2	0	1	6

(100)₁₀ = (1100100)₂

d) Convert 110100 to decimal.

(110100)₂ =

(110100)_{2 =} (52)₁₀

e) Convert 001100 to decimal.

(001100)₂ =

(001100)₂ = (12)₁₀

2-7.

a) The port number fields in TCP and UDP are 16 bits long. How many port numbers can they represent?

Answer) The port number is 16 bits long so it can represent a maximum of = 65535 ports

b) In IP, the Time to Live field is 8 bits in size. How many values can it represent?

Answer) The live field is 8 bits in size so it can represent a maximum of = 256

c) How many values can a flag field represent?

Answer) In general, the flag represents a single value or a bit information either 0 or 1 in other terms true or false.

If you have any doubt regarding this answer please let me know.