Explain epigenetics and genometrics.

Expert Solution

EPIGENETICS

The term originated in 1990 and this implies the changes in the organisms phenotype due to some external or environmental reasons without any change in the genotype of an organism. Epigenetics don not work on the basis of inheritance but on the basic of on and off of some genes. Mostly the expression of a gene is changed without any change in the nucleotide sequence. Such change in the expression of genes can occur due to DNA methylation or histone modification.

Example: The egg cell in humans divides into a number of daughter cells and ech daughter cell further differentiates into a variety of cells of our body like neurons, epithellial cells, endothelial cells, muscle cells and so on. These cells express some genes and do not express some and thats what differentiates them from each other.

GENOMETRICS

This word was given by Elston and Wilson in 1990 and meant the comparison of different genomes with each other. Ad these days more and more organisms are being sequenced scientists want to find out the similarities in their chromosome that might solve the puzzles of evolution. A

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